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This book is about the arachidonic acid cascade, its biochemistry, its pharmacology, and its roles in signal transduction. Arachidonic acid may serve as an intracellular second messenger in many cell types, as well as precursor for biologically active molecules such as the eicosanoids (a family of oxygenated metabolites that may act as second messengers or as local mediators), and anandamide (an endogenous cannabinoid substance). Dysfunctions in the arachidonic acid cascade underlie a number of serious pathological conditions, making these biochemical pathways the target for drugs of clinical value.
Arachidonic acid (AA) is an -6 polyunsaturated fatty acid found in the phospholipids of the membranes of the human bodys cells, and is abundant in the brain, muscles, and liver. This fatty acid is particularly obtained from meat products including chicken, beef, pork, and fishes. An interesting source of AA is through its accumulation in a green microalga, Myrmecia incisa, enhanced by nitrogen starvation. The general functions of AA and its metabolites including its association with coronary heart disease, oxidative stress and cancer, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and its endocrine response to stress are also discussed.
Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Cancer is a multi-volume series that will focus on an emerging area of cancer research. In 1968, R.H. Williams first reported that elevated prostaglandin levels are present in human medullary car cinoma. Since that time, the concept that arachidonic acid metabolites may be in volved in cancer has expanded to include every aspect of the disease from cell transformation through metastasis. Prostaglandins and leukotrienes are generic terms used to describe a family of bioactive lipids produced from unsaturated fatty acids (principally from arachidonic acid) via the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways, respec tively. Cyclooxygenase products consist of diver...
Featuring recognized academic and industrial experts in this cutting-edge field, this book reviews single cell oils (SCO) currently in the market. The text mainly focuses on the production of the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, Arachidonic acid, and Docosahexaenoinc acid. All chapters provide up to date references for navigating the vast amount of historic data available in the field. The authors provide real world examples of the commercial development and applications of various SCO in a variety of fields, from food ingredients and disease treatment to aquaculture and fish farming. It covers the essential information in this fast moving field giving details of the production of all the major SCOs, their extraction, purification, applications and safety evaluations. In addition, this new edition includes major coverage of the potential of SCOs for biofuels that may be of key significance in the coming years. - Includes sufficient detail on molecular breeding of yeasts and molds - Shows how microbial oils have gone from being academic curisoisties to being minor commodity oils - Presents details on the safey and nutrition of single cell oils for human and animal nutrition
Over the past several years, extensive research has been done on the microbial production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Regardless, research on the oleaginous microalgae used as feedstock for biofuels production and the overall story about the production of nutraceutical fatty acids from oleaginous microalgae has been very limited. This volume provides an exclusive insight on the production of nutraceutical fatty acids from oleaginous microalgae and their role on human health. Some saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids can be synthesized by humans, whereas long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid cannot and are deemed essential. ...
Arachidonic acid (AA) is an -6 polyunsaturated fatty acid found in the phospholipids of the membranes of the human body's cells, and is abundant in the brain, muscles, and liver. This fatty acid is particularly obtained from meat products including chicken, beef, pork, and fishes. An interesting source of AA is through its accumulation in a green microalga, Myrmecia incisa, enhanced by nitrogen starvation. The general functions of AA and its metabolites including its association with coronary heart disease, oxidative stress and cancer, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and its endocrine response to stress are also discussed.
Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Cancer is a multi-volume series that will focus on an emerging area of cancer research. In 1968, R.H. Williams first reported that elevated prostaglandin levels are present in human medullary car cinoma. Since that time, the concept that arachidonic acid metabolites may be in volved in cancer has expanded to include every aspect of the disease from cell transformation through metastasis. Prostaglandins and leukotrienes are generic terms used to describe a family of bioactive lipids produced from unsaturated fatty acids (principally from arachidonic acid) via the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways, respec tively. Cyclooxygenase products consist of...
Lipids are functionally versatile molecules. They have evolved from relatively simple hydrocarbons that serve as depot storages of metabolites and barriers to the permeation of solutes into complex compounds that perform a variety of signalling functions in higher organisms. This volume is devoted to the polar lipids and their constituents. We have omitted the neutral lipids like fats and oils because their function is generally to act as deposits of metabolizable substrates. The sterols are also outside the scope of the present volume and the reader is referred to volume 28 of this series which is the subject of cholesterol. The polar lipids are comprised of fatty acids attached to either g...
The present volume contains all the contributions and general discussion presented at the International Satellite Meeting on Func tion and Metabolism of Phospholipids in Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems held at Cortona, Tuscany, Italy in August 1975. The Satellite Meeting was organized on the frame of the 5th Inter national Congress of the International Society for Neurochemistry (Barcelona, 2-7 september 1975) and was just run before it. The publication of the scientific content of this volume has been made possible by the collaboration of the speakers, the discussants, the Meeting Chairman, the section chairmen and of all the scientists who have taken part at the Symposium and who de...