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Copper and Copper Mining
Man has won copper from the earth for about 10,000 years. As pure metal it could be hammered into weapons or tools, and the accidental discovery of smelting and alloying led to harder and more durable materials such as bronze and brass. Copper is found in almost two hundred minerals, many of them beautifully coloured and highly prized by collectors. Today copper is mined all over the world in underground mines and vast open pits. It is a very versatile metal; it resists corrosion, is malleable and ductile and is an excellent conductor of heat and electricity. In the British Isles copper has been mined since pre-Roman times. Two areas dominated copper production during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries: Devon and Cornwall, in south-west England, and Parys Mountain, in Anglesey, were the greatest copper producers in the world. The spectacular ruins - and the scars - can still be seen.
Prehistoric Copper Mining in Michigan
Isle Royale and the counties that line the northwest coast of Michigan's Upper Peninsula are called Copper Country because of the rich deposits of native copper there. In the nineteenth century, explorers and miners discovered evidence of prehistoric copper mining in this region. They used those "ancient diggings" as a guide to establishing their own, much larger mines, and in the process, destroyed the archaeological record left by the prehistoric miners. Using mining reports, newspaper accounts, personal letters, and other sources, this book reconstructs what these nineteenth-century discoverers found, how they interpreted the material remains of prehistoric activity, and what they did wit...
Copper Workers, International Business, and Domestic Politics in Cold War Chile
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Santa Rita del Cobre
An account of the rise and fall of a mining town over two centuries, including photos: “An excellent story of the people and their community.” ―New Mexico Historical Review The Spanish, Mexicans, and Americans, successively, mined copper for more than two hundred years in Santa Rita, New Mexico. Starting in 1799 after an Apache man led the Spanish to the native copper deposits, miners at the site followed industry developments in the nineteenth century to create a network of underground mines. In the early twentieth century these works became part of the Chino Copper Company’s open-pit mining operations—operations that would overtake Santa Rita by 1970. In Santa Rita del Cobre, Chr...
Hollowed Ground
Details a century and a half of copper mining along Upper Michigan’s Keweenaw Peninsula, from the arrival of the first incorporated mines in the 1840s until the closing of the last mine in the mid-1990s. In Hollowed Ground, author Larry Lankton tells the story of two copper industries on Lake Superior-native copper mining, which produced about 11 billion pounds of the metal from the 1840s until the late 1960s, and copper sulfide mining, which began in the 1950s and produced another 4.4 billion pounds of copper through the 1990s. In addition to documenting companies and their mines, mills, and smelters, Hollowed Ground is also a community study. It examines the region's population and ethni...
Beyond the Boundaries
Spanning the years 1840-1875, Beyond the Boundaries focuses on the settlement of Upper Michigan's Keweenaw Peninsula, telling the story of reluctant pioneers who attempted to establish a decent measure of comfort, control, and security in what was in many ways a hostile environment. Moving beyond the technological history of the period found in his previous book Cradle to the Grave: Life, Work, and Death at the Lake Superior Copper Mines (OUP 1991), Lankton here focuses on the people of this region and how the copper mining affected their daily lives. A truly first-rate social history, Beyond the Boundaries will appeal to historians of the frontier and of Michigan and the Great Lakes region, as well as historians of technology, labor, and everyday life.
