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Masculinities and Femininities in Latin America's Uneven Development
This book forges a new approach to historical and geographical change by asking how gender arrangements and dynamics influence the evolution of institutions and environments. This new theoretical approach is applied via mixed methods and a multi-scale framework to bring together unusually diverse phenomena. Regional trends demonstrated with quantitative data include the massive incorporation of women into paid work, demographic masculinization of the countryside and feminization of cities, rapidly increasing gaps that favor women over men in education and life expectancy, and extraordinarily high levels of violence against men. Case studies in Mexico, Chile and Bolivia explore changes influe...
Miradas transdisciplinarias a procesos transculturales contemporáneos. Sembrando esperanza para un nuevo mundo. Tomo I
Desde otra ruta analítica, se destacan los Modelos Analíticos Transdisciplinarios que implican romper las fronteras disciplinarias, tal como se propone en la Epistemología de la Complejidad de Edgar Morin (1994), en la Epistemología de la Transdisciplinariedad de Basarab Nicolescu (1996) y el Análisis del Sentido de Julieta Haidar (2006). En estos modelos, se entrelazan diferentes enfoques teóricos y rutas analíticas, se construyen datos complejos, se construyen categorías transdisciplinarias para analizar diversas prácticas semiótico-discursivas.
Der Anerkennungskonflikt bei den drei Geschlechtern der Binnizá
Bei den Binnizá, den isthmischen Zapoteken, handelt es sich um ein indigenes Volk im Süden Mexikos mit drei sozialen Geschlechtern – Frauen, Muxe’ und Männern. Sie sind eine moderne, urbane Kultur, die ihre eigenen auffallenden Traditionen bewahrt hat, was eine Reihe mythisierender Vorurteile generiert. Die Autorin dekonstruiert daher zunächst Genese und Funktion des Matriarchatsmythos. Dann geht sie auf die lebensgeschichtliche Entwicklung der spannungsreichen Beziehungen dieser drei Geschlechter anhand psychoanalytischer Intersubjektivitätstheorie ein. Das spezifische frühkindliche und ödipale Setting sowie eine informelle Initiation in der Adoleszenz, wie der Rapto – die manu...
Growing Up in a Culture of Respect
Far from the mainstream of society, the pastoral community of Chillihuani in the high Peruvian Andes rears children who are well-adjusted, creative, and curious. They exhibit superior social and cognitive skills and maintain an attitude of respect for all life as they progress smoothly from childhood to adulthood without a troubled adolescence. What makes such child-rearing success even more remarkable is that "childhood" is not recognized as a distinct phase of life. Instead, children assume adult rights and responsibilities at an early age in order to help the community survive in a rugged natural environment and utter material poverty. This beautifully written ethnography provides the fir...
Child Helpers
In most of the worlds' distinct cultures, children - from toddlerhood - eagerly volunteer to help others with their chores. Laboratory research in child psychology supports the claim that the helper "stage" is biologically based. This Element examines the development of helping in varied cultural contexts, in particular, reviewing evidence for supportive environments in the ethnographic record versus an environment that extinguishes the drive to be helpful in WEIRD children. In the last section, the benefits of the helper stage are discussed, specifically the development of an ability to work and learn collaboratively.
Experiential Constructions in Yucatec Maya
This book combines a fieldwork-based language-specific analysis with a typological investigation. It offers a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the form and semantics of experiencer constructions in Yucatec, the Mayan language of the Yucatecan peninsula in Mexico. Since the linguistic expression of experience is not restricted to a specific grammatical area the study touches a great variety of grammatical fields in the language such as argument structure, grammatical relations, possessive constructions, subordinate constructions, etc. The empirical analysis of the Yucatec data is preceded by a thorough examination of the functional domain and the cross-linguistic coding of experience which until now could not be found in the literature. This study will be of interest to scholars working in the fields of typology and Native American linguistics, and especially to those interested in argument structure and the syntax-semantics interface.
The Culture-Bound Syndromes
In the last few years there has been a great revival of interest in culture-bound psychiatric syndromes. A spate of new papers has been published on well known and less familiar syndromes, and there have been a number of attempts to put some order into the field of inquiry. In a review of the literature on culture-bound syndromes up to 1969 Yap made certain suggestions for organizing thinking about them which for the most part have not received general acceptance (see Carr, this volume, p. 199). Through the seventies new descriptive and conceptual work was scarce, but in the last few years books and papers discussing the field were authored or edited by Tseng and McDermott (1981), AI-Issa (1...
Brain and Culture
Research shows that between birth and early adulthood the brain requires sensory stimulation to develop physically. The nature of the stimulation shapes the connections among neurons that create the neuronal networks necessary for thought and behavior. By changing the cultural environment, each generation shapes the brains of the next. By early adulthood, the neuroplasticity of the brain is greatly reduced, and this leads to a fundamental shift in the relationship between the individual and the environment: during the first part of life, the brain and mind shape themselves to the major recurring features of their environment; by early adulthood, the individual attempts to make the environmen...
