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Modern Magnetic and Spintronic Materials
Magnetic and spintronic materials are ubiquitous in modern technological applications, e.g. in electric motors, power generators, sensors and actuators, not to mention information storage and processing. Medical technology has also greatly benefited from magnetic materials – especially magnetic nanoparticles – for therapy and diagnostics methods. All of the above-mentioned applications rely on the properties of the materials used. These properties in turn depend on intrinsic and extrinsic material parameters. The former are related to the actual elements used and their properties, e.g. atomic magnetic moment and exchange interaction between atoms; the latter are related to the structural and microstructural properties of the materials used, e.g. their crystal structure, grain size, and grain boundary phases. Focusing on state-of-the-art magnetic and spintronic materials, this book will introduce readers to a range of related topics in Physics and Materials Science. Phenomena and processes at the nanoscale are of particular importance in this context; accordingly, much of the book addresses such topics.
Carbon Nanotubes: From Basic Research to Nanotechnology
It is about 15 years that the carbon nanotubes have been discovered by Sumio Iijima in a transmission electron microscope. Since that time, these long hollow cylindrical carbon molecules have revealed being remarkable nanostructures for several aspects. They are composed of just one element, Carbon, and are easily produced by several techniques. A nanotube can bend easily but still is very robust. The nanotubes can be manipulated and contacted to external electrodes. Their diameter is in the nanometer range, whereas their length may exceed several micrometers, if not several millimeters. In diameter, the nanotubes behave like molecules with quantized energy levels, while in length, they beha...
Polypropylene
This book aims to bring together researchers and their papers on polypropylene, and to describe and illustrate the developmental stages polypropylene has gone through over the last 70 years. Besides, one can find papers not only on every application and practice of polypropylene but also on the latest polypropylene technologies. It is also intended in this compilation to present information on polypropylene in a medium readily accessible for any reader.
Nanostructures: Synthesis, Functional Properties and Application
The Advanced Study Institute on Synthesis, Functional Properties and Applications of Nanostructures, held at the Knossos Royal Village, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, July 26, 2002 - August 4, 2002, successfully reviewed the state-of-the-art of nanostructures and nanotechnology. It was concluded that Nanotechnology is widely agreed to be the research focus that will lead to the next generation of breakthroughs in science and engineering. There are three cornerstones to the expectation that Nanotechnology will yield revolutionary advances in understanding and application: • Breakthroughs in properties that arise from materials fabricated from the nanoscale. • Synergistic behavior that arise from the combination of disparate types of materials (soft vs. hard, organic vs. inorganic, chemical vs. biological vs. solid state) at the nanoscale. • Exploitation of natural (e.g. chemical and biological) assembly mechanisms that can accomplish structural control at the nanoscale. It is expected that this will lead to paradigms for assembling bio-inspired functional systems that accomplish desirable properties that are either unavailable or prohibitively expensive using top-down approaches.
Rare Earth Magnets and Their Applications
This volume includes the contributions to the Seventeenth International Workshop on Rare-earth Magnets and Their Applications (August 18-22, 2002, Newark, Delaware, USA). The objective is to bring together scientists and engineers of industry, government, universities, and research institutes from different backgrounds to review their current understanding of rare earth magnets and their applications, and to exchange ideas and information. The Workshop will concentrate on the practical aspects of fabrication, processing, and application of rare earth magnets, as well as on the fundamental aspects of rare earth transition metal alloys and their magnetic hysteresis behavior.
Polymers and Nanomaterials from Liquid-Liquid Interfaces
The liquid-liquid interface and the two-phase, organic-aqueous systems are a key part of materials science. This book is written both as a state-of-the-art review on the materials synthesised through interfaces and a theoretical introduction on the properties and the fundamentals of the interface. It should be of interest to researchers currently working in various industrial sectors, academia and consultancy.The book deals with newly developed fluorescent polymers, nanoparticle arrays through interfaces and their potential applications in energy storage, enhanced oil recovery and sensors.Chapter 1 provides an overview of interfaces in natural and biological systems. Chapter 2 outlines the f...
