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Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the main pathologies causing significant loss of neurological function. Therefore, a variety of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies are the aims of several studies. To provide the best care, it is important to know and understand the therapeutic approaches that have shown important progress in this topic. This book contains eight chapters that are divided into three sections: Introduction, Pharmacological Therapies, and Non-Pharmacological Therapies. The authors of the chapters deal with the pathophysiology of SCI, the effect of antioxidant and immunosuppressive agents, stem cell-based therapies, the use of cultured cells for transference or transplantation, and the application of non-invasive modalities (transcutaneous electrical spinal cord stimulation, etc.) for SCI rehabilitation.
In the last decade, diverse research areas have developed novel approaches to overcome dysfunctions after a spinal cord injury (SCI). Even though motor restoration attracts the most clinical attention, sensory, autonomic, and mental health are also aspects fundamental to improving the quality of life of SCI patients. Over four sections of therapeutic, rehabilitation, and technological approaches, this book examines preclinical and clinical studies using mesenchymal stem cells and pharmacological or electrical stimulation strategies. Chapters also address the impact of paraplegia and associated loss of autonomic functions, including bowel and sexual dysfunction, as well as the convergence of new technologies aimed at providing postural support and enhancing mobility.
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The human immune system is a complicated biological network that employs a collection of cells, molecules, and proteins. Cytokines play an important role in regulating the innate and adaptive immune systems by different receptors and signaling pathways. As such, they are also implicated in the occurrence of different disorders and diseases. This book presents a comprehensive overview of immunology, the immune system, and cytokines. Chapters cover such topics as the role and importance of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the human body, the association of cytokines with different disorders and diseases, and the role of cytokines in dentistry.
This book presents an overview of lipid peroxidation: inhibition, effects and mechanisms. The topics analyzed, cover a broad spectrum of functions played by lipid peroxidation and presents new information in this area of research. The topics analyzed include: progress in the knowledge of lipid peroxidation, from the first evidences issued by Nicolas Theodore de Saussure in Paris 1804; fighting against lipid peroxidation: the unique story of docosahexaenoic acid in the brain; protective effects of melatonin and structurally-related molecules in reducing membrane rigidity due to lipid peroxidation; synergistic effects of antioxidant compositions during inhibited lipid autoxidation; lipid perox...
The average person can name more bird species than they think, but do we really know what a bird “species” is? This open access book takes up several fascinating aspects of bird life to elucidate this basic concept in biology. From genetic and physiological basics to the phenomena of bird song and bird migration, it analyzes various interactions of birds – with their environment and other birds. Lastly, it shows imminent threats to birds in the Anthropocene, the era of global human impact. Although it seemed to be easy to define bird species, the advent of modern methods has challenged species definition and led to a multidisciplinary approach to classifying birds. One outstanding new ...
Spinal cord injury is a severe condition leading to serious neurological dysfunctions and changes a person's life in a sudden way. Understanding the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury will improve the prognosis and reintegration to the society of spinal cord-injured subjects. The book Essentials in Spinal Cord Injury Medicine includes seven chapters with valuable information addressing hot topics related to spinal cord injury, ranging from pathophysiology, nontraumatic spinal cord injury, complications to exoskeletons, and research therapies with mesenchymal stem cells. The book could be a valued reference for physiatrists, neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons, neurologists and physical therapists.
Drs. Glen Furuta and Dan Atkins have assembled an in-depth look at Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases as related to allergy with topics such as "Basic pathogenetic mechanisms of Eosinophilic Esophagitis", "Nutritional management of patients with food allergies and EGIDs", "Chemotactic factors role in EGIDs", "Biomarkers associated with allergic diseases", "Association of other allergic diseases with EGIDs" and much more!
Physical therapy services may be provided alongside or in conjunction with other medical services. They are performed by physical therapists (known as physiotherapists in many countries) with the help of other medical professionals. This book consists of 12 chapters written by several professionals from different parts of the world. The book covers different subjects, such as the effects of physical therapy, motor imagery, neuroscience-based rehabilitation for neurological patients, and applications of robotics for stroke and cerebral palsy. We hope that this book will open up new directions for physical therapists in the field of neurological physical therapy.
Spinal cord injury related paraplegia changes a person's life in a sudden way. The most important issue for physicians, therapists and caregivers is to manage the complications that arise, and help paraplegic subjects return to a productive integrated life within society. The book Topics in Paraplegia provides modern knowledge in this direction. Addressing hot topics related to paraplegia, ranging from surgical management to research therapies with mesenchymal stem cells, this book could be a valued reference for physiatrists, neurosurgeons, orthopaedic surgeons, neurologists and physical therapists. The book is organized into four sections. The first covers the epidemiology and psychological conditions associated with paraplegia, the second discusses surgical management and common rehabilitation interventions; the third medical complications and special musculoskeletal issues, while the last outlines current research in animals and humans.