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How to assess securities clearance and settlement systems, based on international standards and best practices.
Major transformations in payment and settlements have occurred in generations. The first generation was paper-based. Delivery times for payment instruments took several days domestically and weeks internationally. The second generation involved computerization with batch processing. Links between payment systems were made through manual or file-based interfaces. The change-over period between technologies was long and still some paper-based instruments like checks and cash remain in use. The third generation, which has been emerging, involves electronic and mobile payment schemes that enable integrated, immediate, and end-to-end payment and settlement transfers. For example, real-time gross ...
A payment system encompasses a set of instruments and means generally acceptable in making payments; the institutional and organizational framework governing such payments, including prudential regulation; and the operating procedures and communications network used to initiate and transmit payment information from payer to payee and to settle payments. This book, by Omotunde E.G. Johnson, with Richard K. Abrams, Jean-Marc Destresse, Tony Lybek, Nicholas Roberts, and Mark Swinburne, identifies main policy and strategic issues in payment system reform, describes the structure of payment systems in selected countries, highlights areas of consensus, and suggests the direction for future policy analysis.
"This book is designed to provide the reader with an insight into the main concepts involved in the handling of payments, securities and derivatives and the organisation and functioning of the market infrastructure concerned. Emphasis is placed on the general principles governing the functioning of the relevant systems and processes and the presentation of the underlying economic, business, legal, institutional, organisational and policy issues. The book is aimed at decision-makers, practitioners, lawyers and academics wishing to acquire a deeper understanding of market infrastructure issues. It should also prove useful for students with an interest in monetary and financial issues."--Introduction (Pg. 20, para 8).
Emphasizes the importance of designing a well-functioning intergovernmental fiscal system for achieving the reform objectives of economies in transition. This study explores the issues involved in redesigning intergovernmental relations in Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania, the Russian Federation, and Ukraine, where extensive political and fiscal decentralization is now underway. The volume focuses on the elements of decentralization in the transitional economies that distinguish them from those in the rest of the world. The book shows that in the transition from a command to a market economy, designing a well-functioning intergovernmental fiscal system is a prerequisite for achieving other reform objectives: macroeconomic stability, private sector development, and a social safety net for those hurt by the transition. The study further demonstrates that a broader analytical framework than is conventionally involved in the study of intergovernmental finance is needed for analyzing fiscal issues in these economies.
Properly designed wholesale payments system can make a significant contribution to enhancing market discipline in the financial sector, reducing the risk of systemic disturbance and permitting a less extensive safety net for financial institutions. The objective of these reforms has been to achieve a reduction of the credit risk associated with the growth in intraday credit exposures that arises in net settlement systems and in real-time gross systems when the central bank provides daylight overdrafts. Intraday payments-related credit in net settlement systems has been reduced by restructuring payment systems into real-time gross settlement systems with collateralized overdrafts, while in the existing real-time gross settlement systems, the risk-abatement program currently in effect has taken the form of caps and charges on uncollateralized daylight credit.
Currency markets, worth almost $2 trillion per day in trade, link the world together. Yet few people know how they work and why they are prone to instability and bouts of panic. This book, neither a technical manual nor a get-rich-quick tract, takes the reader on a guided tour of the places, the machines, the circuitry and the people involved in moving the world's money. From the simple to the complex, currency traders, market analysts, money managers and payments systems architects show their workplaces and reveal their day-to-day experiences. The book will give the reader a graphic picture of the geographical and structural organization of global currency markets and the people who operate them. The tour through the volatile and rapidly evolving world of the money changers provides a basic orientation for deciphering complex causes of yet unforeseen financial events.