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In this precise, interpretive and informative volume, Higham looks at everything from the roots of strategic bombing and tactical air power to the lessons learned and unlearned during the invasion of Ethiopia, the war in China and the Spanish Civil War. He also considers the problems posed by jet aircraft in Korea and the use of Patriot missiles in the Persian Gulf. He covers anti-guerrilla operations, doctrine, industrial activities and equipment, as well as the development of commercial airlines.
• A close look at the intimate life of the Spanish royal family before, during and after the Civil War • Family letters show new light on the doomed affair between Bee and Grand Duke Michael of Russia, brother of Tsar Nicholas II • A revealing study of the relationship between Ena and King Alfonso XIII, which resulted in Bee being exiled to Switzerland • A dual biography of Queen Ena of Spain and her cousin, Infanta Beatrice (‘Bee’), by the late Ana de Sagrera with additional material from Doña Beatriz, granddaughter of the Infanta Princess Eugenia (Ena) of Battenberg and Princess Beatrice (Bee) of Saxe Coburg, granddaughters of Queen Victoria of England, married into the Spanis...
The book presents various investigation into 20th-century European dictatorships, with its focus on Franco`s dictatorship and the Spanish Civil War. Francisco Franco’s dictatorship in Spain (1936/1939-1975/1978) was a modern form of authoritarianism, with a strong totalitarian period, like many other dictatorships of the time. Francoism occupies a place in history alongside other different dictatorships of its age, and a comparative analysis might prove to be a powerful tool in order to understand how, in the middle of the 20th century, such a repressive and authoritarian form of political control emerged. One of the most forgotten fascisms, which at the same time was influenced by and inf...
En el año 2020 se cumple el Centenario del Real Decreto publicado en la Gaceta de Madrid de 18 de marzo de 1920, que disponía la creación de las cuatro primeras bases aéreas, coincidente con las cuatro primeras regiones aéreas, en Getafe, Zaragoza, Tablada y León. Este hecho se puede considerar como el embrión de lo que en 1939 se convertiría en el Ejército del Aire. En 2020 se conmemora también la construcción de la torre de mando o señales de Cuatro Vientos. Su diseño se basó en un proyecto redactado en julio de 1919 por el comandante de Ingenieros D. Leopoldo Giménez, aprobado por una Real Orden del 11 de agosto del mismo año, y desarrollado por Enrique Sierra en sus talle...
A revealing look at Nazi involvement in the Spanish Civil War, their economic ambitions, how it came to be, and how they operated. Pitting fascists and communists in a showdown for supremacy, the Spanish Civil War has long been seen as a grim dress rehearsal for World War II. Francisco Franco’s Nationalists prevailed with German and Italian military assistance—a clear instance, it seemed, of like-minded regimes joining forces in the fight against global Bolshevism. In Hitler’s Shadow Empire Pierpaolo Barbieri revises this standard account of Axis intervention in the Spanish Civil War, arguing that economic ambitions—not ideology—drove Hitler’s Iberian intervention. The Nazis hope...
Sometimes tragedies that have little to distinguish them from a wide range of similar events and which can make no claim to record numbers of casualties or destructive impact go down in history as fundamental and emblematic. This is the case of two of the airstrikes discussed in this volume: Barcelona and Dresden. Other tragedies, however, are sometimes obscured by circumstances elsewhere. This is the case of the “other Guernicas”: that is to say, the bombings of Otxandio, Durango and Elorrio in Biscay. They are good examples not only of the brutality inherent in all wars and of how methods of combat become increasingly barbaric as conflicts wear on but also of the way in which some circumstances push events to the forefront of history and make them emblematic.
Al igual que otros países, España ha vivido a lo largo de su historia luchas fratricidas, pero solo la que comenzó el 18 de julio de 1936 es recordada como la guerra civil por antonomasia. Ese conflicto fue total pues movilizó todo tipo de recursos como quizá nunca hasta entonces: desde los económicos, sociales y políticos, hasta los ideológicos, culturales y diplomáticos, y, por supuesto, los militares. Su carácter global obliga a estudiar esa guerra de manera integral, pues, como dice Fernando Calvo González-Regueral, «no gana o pierde quien mejor emplee sus ejércitos, sino quien sepa reunir a su favor todos los recursos disponibles para alzarse con la victoria». Eso incluyó...