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Zusammenfassung: This highly interdisciplinary volume brings together a carefully curated set of case studies examining complex systems with multiple time scales (MTS) across a variety of fields: materials science, epidemiology, cell physiology, mathematics, climatology, energy transition planning, ecology, economics, sociology, history, and cultural studies. The book addresses the vast diversity of interacting processes underlying the behaviour of different complex systems, highlighting the multiplicity of characteristic time scales that are a common feature of many and showcases a rich variety of methodologies across disciplinary boundaries. Self-organizing, out-of-equilibrium, ever-evolvi...
This volume contains the Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute "Quantum Optics and Experimental General Relativity" which was held in Bad Windsheim, Federal Republic of Germany, from August 16 to 29, 1981. At first glance, one might wonder why a meeting should cover these two topics, and a good bit of quantum measurement theory as well, all of which seem to be completely unrelated. The key to what one may call this grand unification lies in the effort, underway in a number of laboratories around the world, to detect gravitational radiation. Present research is pursuing the development of two types of detectors: laser interferometers and resonant bar detectors. Be cause the signals...
Microcompartmentation refers to nonhomogeneous distribution of solutes in compartments of cells or associated structures without intervening membranal barriers. Such variations in concentration of ions, metabolites, intracellular messengers, and nutrients can introduce significant heterogeneity in subcellular function and regulation. The current focus on biological examples of microcompartmentation provides ample evidence for its importance and the role of physical structure in determining local chemical environments. The examples present in the different chapters include microcompartmentation of Ca2+,H+,ATP. ADP, O2, glycolytic intermediates, fatty acids, amino acids, and nucleic acid precursors. In reviewing these systems, the authors provide a useful resource for experimental approaches to study microcompartmentation and provide the basis for future studies of its role in regulation of cell functions.
Nonlinear Optical Parametric Processes in Liquids and Gases focuses on the parametric processes that occur in liquids and gases. This book examines the mathematical results that are intended mainly for their usefulness in quantifying the physical interpretations of the various concepts to actual systems. Comprised of six chapters, this text starts with a discussion on the nonlinear optical processes, and then explores the basis for nonlinear optical interactions. This book describes the various third-order frequency mixing processes and the basic properties of nonlinear interactions, including phase matching and resonant enhancement. Other chapters consider the processes of frequency mixing and harmonic generation that are used as illustrations of the basic principles. The final chapter explores the applications of several nonlinear optical interactions, with a focus on the use of nonlinear optical processes to control the propagation of optical waves or to obtain information about a material system. This book is intended for researchers and readers engaged in the study of university-level mathematics, electromagnetic theory, and atomic physics.
I am most pleased and, in a way, I feel honored to write the Foreword for the book The Hanle Effect and Level-Crossing Spectroscopy, which covers such a very wide range of applications not only in the initial areas of atomic and molecular physics, but also in solid state physics, solar physics, laser physics, and gravitational metrology. To link these fields together in a coherent way has been the merit of the editors of the book, who attracted most distinguished authors for writing the chapters. In retrospect to Hanle's discovery of quantum mechanical coherence between two quantum states about 65 years ago, this book demonstrates the enormous impact and central importance the effect has had, and most vividly still has, on modern physics. On the other hand, the concept of quantum mechanical coherence, which is an outgrowth of the linear super position principle of quantum states, has been evident through a consider able number of experimental methods beyond the original Hanle effect; some of these methods were only recently discovered or applied and they have indeed revolutionized research fields such as atomic collision physics.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Foundations of Software Science and Computational Structures, FOSSACS 2010, held in Paphos, Cyprus, in March 2010, as part of ETAPS 2010, the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software. The 25 revised full papers presented together with the abstract of the keynote lecture were carefully reviewed and selected from 86 full paper submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on semantics of programming languages, probabilistic and randomised computation, concurrency and process theory, modal and temporal logics, verification, categorical and coalgebraic methods, as well as lambda calculus and types.
Edited under the auspices of the Association of Logic, Language andInformation (FoLLI), this book constitutes the refereed proceedings ofthe 20th anniversary of the International Conference on LogicalAspects of Computational Linguistics, LACL 2016, held in LORIA Nancy,France, in December 2016. The 19 contributed papers, presentedtogether with 4 invited papers and 6 abstracts, were carefullyreviewed and selected from 38 submissions. The focus of the conferenceis the use of type theoretic, proof theoretic, and model theoreticmethods for describing and formalising natural language syntax,semantics, and pragmatics as well as the implementation of thecorresponding tools.