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Anoikis is defined broadly as apoptosis that is inhibited by appropriate cell-matrix interactions. Normal and tumor cells vary widely in their sensitivity to anoikis, but, in general, metastatic tumor cells are inevitably anoikis-resistant. In particular, tumor cells that possess a cancer stem cell or mesenchymal phenotype, arising from the oncogenic Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), are transcriptionally re-programmed to resist anoikis. While the anoikis response occurs through the mitochondrial pathway typically found in other apoptotic responses (e.g., DNA damage, death receptors, oxidative stress), the regulation of anoikis by cell-matrix signalling is unique and only partially characterized. The uniqueness of anoikis is: a. regulation by integrins, non-integrin matrix receptors, and the signaling complexes associated with them; b. regulation by metabolic changes occurring in response to attachment/detachment; c. regulation by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes d. regulation by tumor microenvironment; e. regulation by EMT.
'I have never recommended a book as good as this, ever.' - Chris Evans The Sunday Times bestseller and as featured on the trending Netflix show You Are What You Eat. Live better for longer with this ultimate guide to longevity from the bestselling author of How Not to Die. We all want to stay healthy as we age but, with so many different claims out there, it can be hard to know the best advice to follow. In How Not to Age, Dr Michael Greger digs into the top peer-reviewed anti-ageing research to deliver a complete and optimal guide with simple steps to extend your lifespan and slow the adverse effects of ageing. Inspired by the dietary and lifestyle patterns of the world’s centenarians and...
Improving Learning Transfer in Organizations features contributions from leading experts in the field learning transfer, and offers the most current information, ideas, and theories on the topic and aptly illustrates how to put transfer systems into action. In this book, the authors move beyond explanation to intervention by contributing their most recent thinking on how best to intervene in organizational contexts to influence the transfer of learning. Written for chief learning officers, training and development practitioners, management development professionals, and human resource management practitioners, this important volume shows how to create systems that ensure employees are gettin...
This book focuses exclusively on the surgical patient and on the perioperative environment with its unique socio-technical and cultural issues. It covers preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative processes and decision making and explores both sharp-end and latent factors contributing to harm and poor quality outcomes. It is intended to be a resource for all healthcare practitioners that interact with the surgical patient. This book provides a framework for understanding and addressing many of the organizational, technical, and cultural aspects of care to one of the most vulnerable patients in the system, the surgical patient. The first section presents foundational principles of safet...
Autophagy and Cardiometabolic Diseases: From Moleculer Mechanisms to Translational Medicine covers the science of autophagy in relation to cardiometabolic diseases and the future therapeutic potentials of autophagy regulation in these processes. Processes are not described in isolation, but in concert with other cellular and/or metabolic processes, such as lipogenesis, glucose, energy metabolism and apoptosis. This approach recognizes the multifactorial nature of cardiometabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. The book provides explanations, while also distinguishing the delicate role for autophagy in pathogenesis and exploring compli...
The worldwide impact of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV- is reflected in the cumulative number ofHIV- 1 infections, which is now predicted to exceed 40 million by the year 2000---equivalent to the n- ber of humans who perished in World War II. The medical and scientific - sponse to the HIV-1 pandemic has steadily grown since its recognition in 1981. The outlay by the United States alone for HIV research funded by the National Institutes of Health in 1997 was $1. 4 billion. Laboratory-based HIV research has brought together academic clinicians, retrovirologists, molecular biologists, and immunologists in the formation of research teams attempting to dissect the viral a...
The oceanographic conditions that make this an epicenter of sea turtle activity promote massive artisanal and industrial fishing efforts that, coupled with illegal harvesting of eggs and turtles, have led to declines of several turtle populations in the region. The essays and stories in Sea Turtles of the Eastern Pacific describe for the first time the history of this exploitation, as well as recent sea turtle conservation initiatives and scientific research in the region.
Incorporating the latest research throughout, Daniel Levi’s Fifth Edition of Group Dynamics for Teams explains the basic psychological concepts of group dynamics, focusing on their application with teams in the workplace. Grounded in psychology research and a practical focus on organizational behavior issues, this engaging book helps readers understand and more effectively participate in teams.