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Dr. Math Introduces Geometry
You, Too, Can Understand Geometry - Just Ask Dr. Math! Have you started studying geometry in math class? Do you get totally lost trying to find the perimeter of a rectangle or the circumference of a circle? Don't worry. Grasping the basics of geometry doesn't have to be as scary as it sounds. Dr. Math-the popular online math resource-is here to help! Students just like you have been turning to Dr. Math for years asking questions about math problems, and the math doctors at The Math Forum have helped them find the answers with lots of clear explanations and helpful hints. Now, with Dr. Math Introduces Geometry, you'll learn just what it takes to succeed in this subject. You'll find the answer...
Linguistic Fundamentals for Natural Language Processing II
Meaning is a fundamental concept in Natural Language Processing (NLP), in the tasks of both Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Natural Language Generation (NLG). This is because the aims of these fields are to build systems that understand what people mean when they speak or write, and that can produce linguistic strings that successfully express to people the intended content. In order for NLP to scale beyond partial, task-specific solutions, researchers in these fields must be informed by what is known about how humans use language to express and understand communicative intents. The purpose of this book is to present a selection of useful information about semantics and pragmatics, as understood in linguistics, in a way that's accessible to and useful for NLP practitioners with minimal (or even no) prior training in linguistics.
Statistical Significance Testing for Natural Language Processing
Data-driven experimental analysis has become the main evaluation tool of Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithms. In fact, in the last decade, it has become rare to see an NLP paper, particularly one that proposes a new algorithm, that does not include extensive experimental analysis, and the number of involved tasks, datasets, domains, and languages is constantly growing. This emphasis on empirical results highlights the role of statistical significance testing in NLP research: If we, as a community, rely on empirical evaluation to validate our hypotheses and reveal the correct language processing mechanisms, we better be sure that our results are not coincidental. The goal of this boo...
Computational Models of Argument
The investigation of computational models of argument is a rich and fascinating interdisciplinary research field with two ultimate aims: the theoretical goal of understanding argumentation as a cognitive phenomenon by modeling it in computer programs, and the practical goal of supporting the development of computer-based systems able to engage in argumentation-related activities with human users or among themselves. The biennial International Conferences on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA) provide a dedicated forum for the presentation and discussion of the latest advancements in the field, and cover both basic research and innovative applications. This book presents the proceedings ...
The Semantic Web
The two volumes LNCS 10249 and 10250 constitute the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2017, held in Portorož, Slovenia. The 51 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 183 submissions. In addition, 10 PhD papers are included, selected out of 14 submissions. The papers are organized in the following tracks: semantic data management, big data, and scalability; linked data; machine learning; mobile web, sensors, and semantic streams; natural language processing and information retrieval; vocabularies, schemas, and ontologies; reasoning; social web and web science; semantic web and transparency; in use and industrial track; and PhD symposium. The paper 'Linked Data Notifications: A Resource-Centric Communication Protocol' is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.
The Semantic Web: ESWC 2011 Workshops
This volume constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of 11 international workshops held as part of the 8th Extended Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2011, in Heraklion, Crete, Greece, in May 2010. The 22 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 75 submissions to the workshops during two rounds of reviewing and improvement. The papers are organized in topical sections on the following workshops: 1st International Workshop on eLearning Approaches for the Linked Data Age, 1st Workshop on High-Performance Computing for the Semantic Web, 3rd International Workshop on Inductive Reasoning and Machine Learning for the Semantic Web, 1st Workshop on Making Sense of Microposts, 1st Workshop on Ontology and Semantic Web for Manufacturing, 1st Workshop on Question Answering over Linked Data, 4th International Workshop on REsource Discovery, 6th International Workshop on Semantic Business Process Management, 1st Workshop on Semantic Publication, 1st Workshop on Semantics in Governance and Policy Modelling, and 1st International Workshop on User Profile Data on the Social Semantic Web.
Statistical Methods for Annotation Analysis
Labelling data is one of the most fundamental activities in science, and has underpinned practice, particularly in medicine, for decades, as well as research in corpus linguistics since at least the development of the Brown corpus. With the shift towards Machine Learning in Artificial Intelligence (AI), the creation of datasets to be used for training and evaluating AI systems, also known in AI as corpora, has become a central activity in the field as well. Early AI datasets were created on an ad-hoc basis to tackle specific problems. As larger and more reusable datasets were created, requiring greater investment, the need for a more systematic approach to dataset creation arose to ensure in...
Journalism Ethics
This concise and authoritative work offers the latest guidance on journalism ethics for students and media professionals and will help empower news consumers to make informed decisions about the trustworthiness of their sources of information. It offers advice on all aspects of journalism ethics including accuracy and seeking the truth, representation of women, LGBTQ coverage, climate change, mental health, use of images, conflict reporting, elections, and how to use artificial intelligence. The author brings a unique perspective and depth of knowledge to the complex challenges facing journalists and news consumers in this era of fake news, disinformation, and artificial intelligence. “A c...
