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ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY - Volume III
Environmental and Ecological Chemistry is a component of Encyclopedia of Chemical Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on Environmental and Ecological Chemistry prsents the essential aspects such as: Fundamental Environmental Chemistry; Atmospheric Chemistry; Soil Chemistry; Aquatic Chemistry; Ecological Chemistry; Chemistry of Organic Pollutants Including Agrochemicals. These volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.
Fabrication and Applications of Biomass-Derived Porous Carbon
This book systematically introduces the fundamentals, preparation technology, state-of-the-art applications, and future development of biomass-derived porous carbon materials. The authors provide a theoretical foundation that demonstrates the microstructure and physicochemical properties of carbon materials. The fabrication methods, including physical activation methods, chemical activation methods, and advances in other new fabrication methods are explicitly described. The book also identifies many potential applications of biomass (especially biomass-derived porous carbon materials), such as supercapacitors, removal of organic pollutants from water, CO2 capture, photocatalytic application, and farmland restoration. The book will be a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, and engineers working in the field of biomass-derived porous carbon materials, carbon resource development, and environmental protection.
Twenty-Seventh Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals
industry, and 22% were from government. A total of oral presentations (including Special Topic presentations) and 329 poster presentations were delivered. The high number of poster submissions required splitting the poster session into two evening sessions. (Conference details are posted at http://www.eere.energy.gov/biomass/biotech_symposium/.) Almost 35% of the attendees were international, showing the strong and building worldwide interest in this area. Nations represented included Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Central African Republic, China, Denmark, Finland, France, Gambia, Germany, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, ...
Hazardous and Radioactive Waste Treatment Technologies Handbook
With detailed photos and schematic system diagrams, the Hazardous and Radioactive Waste Treatment Technologies Handbook provides the latest information on current technologies in the market. Intended as a reference for scientists, engineers, and engineering students, it covers waste-related thermal and non-thermal technologies, separation techniques, and stabilization technologies. It provides an overview of recent waste technologies, for both hazardous chemical wastes and radioactive wastes. By implementing the techniques presented in this book, readers will be able to decide which appropriate technology to use and how to design the equipment for their particular needs.
Microbial Transformations of Low Rank Coals
Fifteen leading scientists active in research on the chemistry, microbiology, enzymology, and genetics of coal biotransformation summarize knowledge of the mechanisms by which bacteria and fungi metabolize the macromolecular structure of lignite coals. They also explore the potential for developing commercially viable biotransformations of low rank coals into useful chemicals and clean-burning liquid and gaseous fuels. Microbial Transformations of Low Rank Coals reviews the types of aerobic and anaerobic microbes known to transform fuel and discusses the relative potential of aerobic versus anaerobic organisms. Biochemical mechanisms used by microorganisms to solubilize, depolymerize, liquify, and gasify coal are examined. The book also reviews the potential for using microorganisms to remove organic sulfur from coal and the potential for using genetic engineering to improve coal biotransforming microorganisms.
Bio-based Wood Adhesives
Adhesive bonding plays an increasing role in the forest product industry and is a key factor for efficiently utilizing timber and other lignocellulosic resources. As synthetic wood adhesives are mostly derived from depleting petrochemical resources and have caused increasing environmental concern, natural product and byproduct-derived adhesives have attracted much attention in the last decades. Although adhesives made from plant and animal sources have been in existence since ancient times, increased knowledge of their chemistry and improved technical formulation of their preparation are still needed to promote their broader industrial applications. The primary goals of this book are to (1) ...
Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials for Bioenergy Applications
An authoritative summary of the quest for an environmentally sustainable synthesis process of nanomaterials and their application for environmental sustainability Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials for Bioenergy Applications is an important guide that provides information on the fabrication of nanomaterial and the application of low cost, green methods. The book also explores the impact on various existing bioenergy approaches. Throughout the book, the contributors—noted experts on the topic—offer a reliable summary of the quest for an environmentally sustainable synthesis process of nanomaterials and their application to the field of environmental sustainability. The green synthesis of na...
Biorefinery Co-Products
In order to successfully compete as a sustainable energy source, the value of biomass must be maximized through the production of valuable co-products in the biorefinery. Specialty chemicals and other biobased products can be extracted from biomass prior to or after the conversion process, thus increasing the overall profitability and sustainability of the biorefinery. Biorefinery Co-Products highlights various co-products that are present in biomass prior to and after processing, describes strategies for their extraction , and presents examples of bioenergy feedstocks that contain high value products. Topics covered include: Bioactive compounds from woody biomass Phytochemicals from sugar c...
Water and Sustainable Development
Experts in the areas of water science and chemistry from the government, industry, and academic arenas discussed ways to maximize opportunities for these disciplines to work together to develop and apply simple technologies while addressing some of the world's key water and health problems. Since global water challenges cross both scientific disciplines, the chemical sciences have the ability to be a key player in improving the lives of billions of people around the world.
GEOLOGY- Volume III
Geology is the Component of Encyclopedia of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS)), which is an integrated compendium of twenty Encyclopedias. The theme on geology in the Encyclopedia of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, presents many aspects of geology under the following nine different topics: The Organized Earth.; Tectonics and Geodynamics; Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology; Sedimentary Geology and Paleontology; Overview of the Mineralogical Sciences; Geology of Metallic and Non-Metallic Mineral Resources; Regional Geology; Geology of Petroleum, Gas, and Coal; Environmental and Engineering Geology.
