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This book is a collection of papers devoted to the emergence and development in Bulgarian Academy of Sciences of some of the areas of informatics, including artificial intelligence. The papers are prepared by specialists from the Academy, some of whom are among the founders of these scientific and application areas in Bulgaria and in some cases – in the world. The book is interesting for specialists in informatics and computer science and researchers in history of sciences.
From single-celled organisms in Black Sea sand to endemic cave crustaceans, from mountain glacial relict insects to the most diverse bird fauna in Europe, the fauna of Bulgaria has been a subject of study for more than a century. This is the first English language survey of all vertebrate and many key invertebrate groups of Bulgaria, their faunistics, origin, geographical and ecological distribution, and conservation issues.
Geometry processing, or mesh processing, is a fast-growing area of research that uses concepts from applied mathematics, computer science, and engineering to design efficient algorithms for the acquisition, reconstruction, analysis, manipulation, simulation, and transmission of complex 3D models. Applications of geometry processing algorithms already cover a wide range of areas from multimedia, entertainment, and classical computer-aided design, to biomedical computing, reverse engineering, and scientific computing. Over the last several years, triangle meshes have become increasingly popular, as irregular triangle meshes have developed into a valuable alternative to traditional spline surfaces. This book discusses the whole geometry processing pipeline based on triangle meshes. The pipeline starts with data input, for example, a model acquired by 3D scanning techniques. This data can then go through processes of error removal, mesh creation, smoothing, conversion, morphing, and more. The authors detail techniques for those processes using triangle meshes. A supplemental website contains downloads and additional information.
Central to this edited volume is the proposition that the mountainous border region of Southeastern Europe needs to become a special target of European Union scale, regional development policy-making. Vivid case studies from eleven Central and Southeast European states present diverse perspectives on this region’s physical geography, economy and demographics and demonstrate the integrative potential of the geographic perspective in mountain research. Europe as a whole has a lot to gain from a “sustainable mountains” policy, especially in Southeast Europe. In their focus on the sustainable development of such areas, the chapters consider regional development policy, ecosystem services assessment, small-scale tourism, and forestry management. This book will be of interest to a wide audience, including academics, students, and practitioners in the fields of geography, ecology, and environmental studies.
The members of the organising Committee and their colleagues have, for many years been investigating the evol ution of the fas'cinating surface features which develop during sputtering erosion of solids. Such experimental, theoretical and computational studies have also been carried out in many international laboratories and, as well as much cow~onality and agreement, substantial disagreements were unresolved. In view of the increasing importance of such processes in technological applications such as microlitho graphic etching for the patterning of solid state devices and in fusion technology it was felt opportune to hold a meeting in this area. Furthermore the use of energetic atomic and i...
Emerging economies are expected to be in the driver's seat of the global economy in the medium and long term. Large multinational corporations will account for much of this activity. In this textbook, Andrei Panibratov explains how emerging market firms accumulate and exploit market knowledge to develop competitive advantages whilst operating globally. Chapters dedicated to the key emerging economies - Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC) - are enhanced by detailed case studies of large firms’ activities. The book is divided into four parts, focusing on the following: An outline of the relevant terminology and the context of the international strategy of emerging market firms, providing ...
The first stock exchange in Warsaw – capital city of the Kingdom of Poland– was established in 1817. Over the past 205 years, the fortunes of the capital market have been closely linked to the "bumpy road" of Polish history. The establishment of the GPW Warsaw Stock Exchange in 1991 was a landmark for transformation from a centrally planned communist economy to a market-driven capitalist one. Since the doors of the exchange reopened, Polish GDP per capita (current USD) increased eight times, translating into an average yearly growth rate of over 7%. The capital market has played a pivotal role in the economic success of Poland over the last three decades. It is not easy to precisely quan...
Far-reaching technological developments are making a deep impact on societies and economic environments worldwide. With the emergence of new digital infrastructures such as artificial intelligence, fintech, data analytics, robotics and nanotech, new creative industries, still in a state of flux, have arisen, while others have disappeared, at least in their traditional form. The intermixing of traditional and new technologies has led to a redrawing of boundaries and an extension of the limits of entrepreneurship out towards industries with hitherto high barriers to entry due to regulatory, technological or structural factors. These "external enablers" have led to a democratization of entrepre...