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The art world has been discovered by criminals as an effective way for money laundering and other clandestine activities on an international level. Unfortunately, in most countries investigators, prosecutors, judges, and regulatory agencies are not equipped to accurately detect, investigate and prosecute this type of criminal activity. Also, regulation and international laws and treaties involving the art world have many loopholes that can potentially lead to the laundering of large sums of money. This book provides a bird’s eye view of novel ways in which money laundering happens through illegal activities involving art. It can serve as a guide for law enforcement, prosecutors, judges, and others involved in efforts to curb money laundering and financing of terrorism, revealing why somehow new techniques used by criminals have been neglected by law enforcement in most countries. Drawing from his own experience with the matter in both Brazil and in the United States, the author makes a case for broader institutional and regulatory improvement, extending beyond mere regulation of the art market.
Drawing on the findings of a comparative research project, this volume tackles a set of intricate questions about the workings of impunity in India. How do victims of abuse and survivors of sexual violence end up being denied justice? What do those on the margins—those with the wrong sex, wrong identity markers, wrong political leanings— tell us about violence by state and non-state actors? Bringing together senior academics, civil society leaders and fresh voices from the across India, the volume offers analysis — contextual, structural and gendered — and breaks new conceptual ground on the underbelly of India Shining. The volume contains testimonies that were collected during fieldwork in four Indian states. Published by Zubaan.
This book addresses the European Court of Human Rights’ fairness standards in criminal appeal, filling a gap in this less researched area of studies. Based on a fair trial immediacy requirement, the Court has found several violations of Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights at the appellate level by at least eighteen States of the Council of Europe in a vast array of cases, particularly in contexts of first instance acquittals overturning and of sentences increasing on appeal. On the one hand, the book critically engages this case-law with the law revisions it has recently inspired in European countries, as well as with the critiques and difficulties that it continues to raise. On the other hand, it interweaves insight from criminal procedure theory with new discoveries in the field of cognitive sciences (neuroscience of memory, philosophy of knowledge, AI), shedding an interdisciplinary light on the (in)adequacy and limits of the Strasbourg Court’s jurisprudence.
Professional football means many things to many people. For players, a means to possible fame and fortune. For fans, a source of local or national pride, and perhaps the chance to score with a few bets. For criminal organizations, a cover for making millions in corrupt enterprises. In the world of gambling this is no different. Football, Gambling, and Money Laundering describes in impressive detail the scope of the problem, the layers of denial that allow sports-related financial crime to flourish, and the steps that are being taken--and that need to be taken--to combat illicit operations in the sports world. Expert analysis explains criminal activity in the context of football, and how spor...
The Oxford Handbook of Portuguese Politics brings together the best scholars in the field offering an unrivalled coverage of the politics (broadly defined) of the country over the past 50 years. The Handbook includes eight sections. First, it looks at the past and present by making an overview of Portuguese political developments since democratization in the 1970s. Second, it looks at political institutions as the building blocks of Portuguese democracy. The third section examines mass politics and voters, that is, a thorough analysis of the demand-side of mass politics. The fourth section turns to the supply side of mass-politics by looking at parties and the party system. The fifth section looks at the Portuguese society by unpacking a plethora of societal aspects with direct implications for politics. The sixth section examines governance and public policies, with a view to understanding how a constellation of public policies has an impact on the quality of governance and in fostering well-being. The seventh section looks at Portugal and the European Union. The eighth and final section unpacks Portuguese foreign policy and defence.
A coletânea que agora se publica constitui uma continuação de um pioneiro esforço de sistematização de alguns dos principais problemas gerais e sectoriais colocados pela constante tensão entre, por um lado, a necessidade de o Estado assegurar a aplicação efetiva do Direito aos agentes sociais e operadores económicos ("law enforcement") e, por outro, a disposição de conformidade por parte destes para adequar a sua resposta às múltiplas exigências legais e regulatórias que sobre si impendem ("compliance").
Day fines, as a pecuniary sanction, have a great potential to reduce inequality in the criminal sentencing system, as they impose the same relative punishment on all offenders irrespective of their income. Furthermore, with correct implementation, they can constitute an alternative sanction to the more repressive and not always efficient short-term prison sentences. Finally, by independently expressing in the sentence the severity and the income of the offender, day fines can increase uniformity and transparency of sentencing. Having this in mind, almost half of the European Union countries have adopted day fines in their criminal justice system. For the first time, this book makes their findings accessible to a wider international audience. Aimed at scholars, policy makers and criminal law practitioners, it provides an opportunity to learn about the theoretical advantages, the practical challenges, the successes and failures, and ways to improve.
“(...) Trata-se de um contributo interessante e original para a dogmática da negligência inconsciente em Direito Penal, que ultrapassa na sua relevância o campo de concentração temática. Escolhendo uma questão particularmente difícil – justamente pela sua «excentricidade» – para testar a possibilidade de tomar o discurso e a análise científica (das ciências cognitivas e em particular da neurociência) como ancilar do Direito Penal como disciplina dogmática, isto é, como disciplina que procura resolver casos práticos através de princípios gerais, Ana Bárbara Sousa Brito reclama para o campo jurídico académico e da praxis judicial um novo parceiro de discussão e possível questionamento. Só isso, que já é tanto, teria valido o esforço e o tempo deste trabalho. “ Teresa Pizarro Beleza, Professora catedrática de Direito Penal da UNL Rui M. Costa, Investigador principal da Fundação Champallimaud (Do Prefácio)
A presente tese defende a autonomia da categoria da punibilidade no sistema de análise do crime. Ou seja, para existir responsabilidade criminal o facto deve ser típico, ilícito, culposo e também punível. Na categoria da punibilidade reúnem-se diversas figuras legais (v.g. condições objectivas de punibilidade e causas de não punibilidade) agregadas por critérios de valoração relativos à adequação da pena estatal (Capítulo VII). Para identificar esses critérios, a tese parte de uma investigação histórica que lhe permite distinguir claramente os critérios de imputação (do facto) dos juízos de adequação da pena (Capítulos I a IV), culminando numa nova leitura da evolu...