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Thurgood Marshall was an Associate Justice of the US Supreme Court from 1967 to 1991. He was the first African American to hold that position, and was one of the most influential legal actors of his time. Before being appointed to the Supreme Court by President Lyndon Johnson, Marshall was a lawyer for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), Federal Judge (1961-1965), and Solicitor General of the United States (1965-1966). Marshall won twenty-nine of thirty-two cases before the Supreme Court – most notably the landmark case of Brown v. Board of Education, which held segregated public schools unconstitutional. Marshall spent his career fighting racial segregation and legal inequality, and his time on the court establishing a record for supporting the "voiceless American." He left a legacy of change that still affects American society today. Through this concise biography, accompanied by primary sources that present Marshall in his own words, students will learn what Marshall did (and did not do) during his life, why those actions were important, and what effects his efforts had on the larger course of American history.
Americans claim to care about character. Over four fifths want it taught in public schools, and 95 percent think that a president's character is important. And historically, philosophers, educators, politicians, religious leaders, judges, and the general public have agreed that character should be valued and reinforced. Yet in the United States, the institutions charged with that mission have consistently fallen short. Simply put, too little effort has been made to understand the importance of character and the strategies that can best develop and support it. After first exploring the history of the concept over time, Deborah Rhode turns her focus to the institutions that have traditionally ...
Black Americans and their allies have sought to use the U.S. court system as a tool in their fight for civil rights, sometimes successfully and sometimes not. However, certain court decisions, especially those handed down by the U.S. Supreme Court, have led to real change. This comprehensive look at landmark civil rights cases gives readers an understanding of the evolution of the civil rights movement through the lens of legal battles. The detailed sidebars, historical and contemporary images, and annotated quotes also give them the tools to understand the complex issues that are still in the headlines today.
A new look at Britain's industrial revolution showing how communities of shared skill, knowledge and experience drove industrial innovation. Making an Industrial Revolution presents a fresh perspective on British industrialization. Advances in technology, commerce and science played their part, but - as this book argues - above all it was communities of shared skill, knowledge and experience which drove industrial innovation in the eighteenth century. Connections and relationships in key sectors - iron, textiles and engineering - produced transformative forces that revolutionized industrial life in Britain. Including new insights into Scotland's unique contribution, the book explores industrial change across the country, highlighting the significance of inter-regional and overseas migration and connection. It considers how social status enabled or limited individuals. It questions how exactly eighteenth-century science linked with emerging industrial technologies; and the importance of science, relative to skills and experience, in shaping innovation.