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Substance Use Disorder: Above and Beyond Addiction
Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is a mental disorder that causes an individual to compulsively consume legal or illegal drugs such as alcohol, opioids, methamphetamine, marijuana, and medications, despite harmful consequences. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), alcohol causes 5.1 % of the global burden of disease, and harmful drinking behavior is associated with more than 200 diseases and injury conditions. According to the UN Office on Drugs and Crime, about 200 million people are addicted to cocaine, cannabis, opioids and sedative-hypnotics.
Towards an Understanding of Tinnitus Heterogeneity, Volume II
This Research Topic is part of the article collection series: Towards an Understanding of Tinnitus Heterogeneity. Tinnitus is the perception of a sound when no external sound is present. The severity of tinnitus varies but it can be debilitating for many patients. With more than 100 million people with chronic tinnitus worldwide, tinnitus is a disorder of high prevalence.
Microglia in Health and Disease: A Unique Immune Cell Population
Microglia are essential for the development and function of the adult brain. Their ontogeny, together with the absence of turnover from the periphery and the singular environment of the central nervous system (CNS), make microglia a unique cell population compared to other tissue-macrophages. The unique properties and functions of microglial cells, such as their role in synaptic pruning or the exceptional capacity to scan the brain parenchyma and rapidly react to its perturbations, have emerged in recent years. In the coming years, understanding how microglia acquire and maintain their unique profiles in order to fulfil distinct tasks in the healthy CNS and how these are altered in disease, ...
Experimental Models of Epilepsy and Related Comorbidities
Epileptic patients live with epilepsy-associated complications such as cognitive dysfunction, psychological discomfort, and sexual function decline, and are more likely to experience emotional and mental health issues problems, including depression and anxiety. Many antiepileptic drugs are found to have a role in aggravating psychiatric symptoms. Animal models, which inform translational questions about epilepsy comorbidities, are used to study the relationship between epilepsy and related comorbidities. The aim of this Research Topic was to highlight basic, clinical and interdisciplinary research involved in studying the disease and its comorbid effects. Various experimental models are used to understand the mechansims of disease and to discover newer antiepileptic drugs. These experimental models combines the input from behavioral, biochemical and molecular level including genetic.
Home Cage-based Phenotyping in Rodents: Innovation, Standardization, Reproducibility and Translational Improvement
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Drug Repurposing in Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
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Therapeutic Applications of Honey and its Phytochemicals
Honey typically has a complex chemical and biochemical composition that invariably includes complex sugars, specific proteins, amino acids, phenols, vitamins, and rare minerals. It is reported to be beneficial in the treatment of various diseases, such as those affecting the respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems, as well as diabetes mellitus and certain types of cancers; however, there is limited literature describing the use of honey in modern medicine. This book provides evidence-based information on the pharmaceutical potential of honey along with its therapeutic applications and precise mechanisms of action. It discusses in detail the phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of honey, highlighting the economic and culturally significant medicinal uses of honey and comprehensively reviewing the scientific research on the traditional uses, chemical composition, scientific validation, and general pharmacognostical characteristics. Given its scope, it is a valuable tool for researchers and scientists interested in drug discovery and the chemistry and pharmacology of honey.
The Epilepsies
This title will be an exhaustive and thorough text on the range of epileptic conditions, aiming to be the standard reference text on epilepsies for neurologists. It presents established views and recent advances in epileptic seizures and syndromes and their management, and the content is based on the classification, practice parameters and guidelines issued by the International League Against Epilepsy and other recognised medical authorities.
Behavioral Neurobiology of Alcohol Addiction
The question how alcohol alters mood states and why this may end up becoming an addiction is puzzling alcohol researchers since decades. In this volume, an assembly of highly distinguished experts and leaders in alcohol addiction research provides lucid presentations of the current knowledge and research challenges as well as interesting viewpoints on future research directions aimed to stimulate communication and convergence between clinical and preclinical researchers, and to renew interest in the vibrant field of alcohol addiction research among a wide scientifically minded audience. Five Current Topics are discussed in this volume: Neurobiological mechanisms of alcoholism, Genetics, Clinical phenotypes and their preclinical models, Brain imaging, and Translational approaches for treatment development, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological. These areas have in our opinion brought alcohol research substantially forward and influenced our thinking about how to reach our common paramount goal, namely to offer effective treatment solutions for an extensive group of patients with largely unmet medical needs.
