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$\textrm {C}^*$-Algebras and Finite-Dimensional Approximations
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 530

$\textrm {C}^*$-Algebras and Finite-Dimensional Approximations

$\textrm{C}*$-approximation theory has provided the foundation for many of the most important conceptual breakthroughs and applications of operator algebras. This book systematically studies (most of) the numerous types of approximation properties that have been important in recent years: nuclearity, exactness, quasidiagonality, local reflexivity, and others. Moreover, it contains user-friendly proofs, insofar as that is possible, of many fundamental results that were previously quite hard to extract from the literature. Indeed, perhaps the most important novelty of the first ten chapters is an earnest attempt to explain some fundamental, but difficult and technical, results as painlessly as possible. The latter half of the book presents related topics and applications--written with researchers and advanced, well-trained students in mind. The authors have tried to meet the needs both of students wishing to learn the basics of an important area of research as well as researchers who desire a fairly comprehensive reference for the theory and applications of $\textrm{C}*$-approximation theory.

Operator Algebras and Applications
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 350

Operator Algebras and Applications

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2016-07-30
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  • Publisher: Springer

Like the first Abel Symposium, held in 2004, the Abel Symposium 2015 focused on operator algebras. It is interesting to see the remarkable advances that have been made in operator algebras over these years, which strikingly illustrate the vitality of the field. A total of 26 talks were given at the symposium on a variety of themes, all highlighting the richness of the subject. The field of operator algebras was created in the 1930s and was motivated by problems of quantum mechanics. It has subsequently developed well beyond its initial intended realm of applications and expanded into such diverse areas of mathematics as representation theory, dynamical systems, differential geometry, number ...

Locally AH-Algebras
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 122

Locally AH-Algebras

A unital separable -algebra, is said to be locally AH with no dimension growth if there is an integer satisfying the following: for any and any compact subset there is a unital -subalgebra, of with the form , where is a compact metric space with covering dimension no more than and is a projection, such that The authors prove that the class of unital separable simple -algebras which are locally AH with no dimension growth can be classified up to isomorphism by their Elliott invariant. As a consequence unital separable simple -algebras which are locally AH with no dimension growth are isomorphic to a unital simple AH-algebra with no dimension growth.

Complicial Sets Characterising the Simplicial Nerves of Strict $\omega $-Categories
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 208

Complicial Sets Characterising the Simplicial Nerves of Strict $\omega $-Categories

The primary purpose of this work is to characterise strict $\omega$-categories as simplicial sets with structure. The author proves the Street-Roberts conjecture in the form formulated by Ross Street in his work on Orientals, which states that they are exactly the ``complicial sets'' defined and named by John Roberts in his handwritten notes of that title (circa 1978). On the way the author substantially develops Roberts' theory of complicial sets itself and makes contributions to Street's theory of parity complexes. In particular, he studies a new monoidal closed structure on the category of complicial sets which he shows to be the appropriate generalisation of the (lax) Gray tensor product of 2-categories to this context. Under Street's $\omega$-categorical nerve construction, which the author shows to be an equivalence, this tensor product coincides with those of Steiner, Crans and others.

Semisolvability of Semisimple Hopf Algebras of Low Dimension
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 138

Semisolvability of Semisimple Hopf Algebras of Low Dimension

The author proves that every semisimple Hopf algebra of dimension less than $60$ over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic zero is either upper or lower semisolvable up to a cocycle twist.

Invariant Differential Operators for Quantum Symmetric Spaces
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 104

Invariant Differential Operators for Quantum Symmetric Spaces

This paper studies quantum invariant differential operators for quantum symmetric spaces in the maximally split case. The main results are quantum versions of theorems of Harish-Chandra and Helgason: There is a Harish-Chandra map which induces an isomorphism between the ring of quantum invariant differential operators and the ring of invariants of a certain Laurent polynomial ring under an action of the restricted Weyl group. Moreover, the image of the center under this map is the entire invariant ring if and only if the underlying irreducible symmetric pair is not of four exceptional types. In the process, the author finds a particularly nice basis for the quantum invariant differential operators that provides a new interpretation of difference operators associated to Macdonald polynomials.

Torus Fibrations, Gerbes, and Duality
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 104

Torus Fibrations, Gerbes, and Duality

Let $X$ be a smooth elliptic fibration over a smooth base $B$. Under mild assumptions, the authors establish a Fourier-Mukai equivalence between the derived categories of two objects, each of which is an $\mathcal{O} DEGREES{\times}$ gerbe over a genus one fibration which is a twisted form

Spinor Genera in Characteristic 2
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 104

Spinor Genera in Characteristic 2

The purpose of this paper is to establish the spinor genus theory of quadratic forms over global function fields in characteristic 2. The first part of the paper computes the integral spinor norms and relative spinor norms. The second part of the paper gives a complete answer to the integral representations of one quadratic form by another with more than four variables over a global function field in characteristic 2.

Exponential Genus Problems in One-Relator Products of Groups
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 170

Exponential Genus Problems in One-Relator Products of Groups

Exponential equations in free groups were studied initially by Lyndon and Schutzenberger and then by Comerford and Edmunds. Comerford and Edmunds showed that the problem of determining whether or not the class of quadratic exponential equations have solution is decidable, in finitely generated free groups. In this paper the author shows that for finite systems of quadratic exponential equations decidability passes, under certain hypotheses, from the factor groups to free products and one-relator products.

The Hilbert Function of a Level Algebra
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 154

The Hilbert Function of a Level Algebra

Let $R$ be a polynomial ring over an algebraically closed field and let $A$ be a standard graded Cohen-Macaulay quotient of $R$. The authors state that $A$ is a level algebra if the last module in the minimal free resolution of $A$ (as $R$-module) is of the form $R(-s)a$, where $s$ and $a$ are positive integers. When $a=1$ these are also known as Gorenstein algebras. The basic question addressed in this paper is: What can be the Hilbert Function of a level algebra? The authors consider the question in several particular cases, e.g., when $A$ is an Artinian algebra, or when $A$ is the homogeneous coordinate ring of a reduced set of points, or when $A$ satisfies the Weak Lefschetz Property. The authors give new methods for showing that certain functions are NOT possible as the Hilbert function of a level algebra and also give new methods to construct level algebras. In a (rather long) appendix, the authors apply their results to give complete lists of all possible Hilbert functions in the case that the codimension of $A = 3$, $s$ is small and $a$ takes on certain fixed values.