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Philosophers of mind have been arguing for decades about the nature of phenomenal consciousness and the relation between brain and mind. More recently, neuroscientists and philosophers of science have entered the discussion. Which neural activities in the brain constitute phenomenal consciousness, and how could science distinguish the neural correlates of consciousness from its neural constitution? At what level of neural activity is consciousness constituted in the brain and what might be learned from well-studied phenomena like binocular rivalry, attention, memory, affect, pain, dreams and coma? What should the science of consciousness want to know and what should explanation look like in this field? How should the constitution relation be applied to brain and mind and are other relations like identity, supervenience, realization, emergence and causation preferable? Building on a companion volume on the constitution of visual consciousness (AiCR 90), this volume addresses these questions and related empirical and conceptual territory. It brings together, for the first time, scientists and philosophers to discuss this engaging interdisciplinary topic.
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Distributional cost-effectiveness analysis aims to help health care and public health organisations make fairer decisions with better outcomes. Whereas standard cost-effectiveness analysis provides information about total costs and effects, distributional cost-effectiveness analysis provides additional information about fairness in the distribution of costs and effects - who gains, who loses, and by how much. It can also provide information about the trade-offs that sometimes occur between efficiency objectives, such as improving total health, and equity objectives, such as reducing unfair inequality in health. This is a practical guide to a flexible suite of economic methods for quantifying...
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Although coordination chemistry naturally centers on the synthesis of coordination compounds, the synthesis of these materials is typically not an end in itself. Coordination compounds are utilized in all branches of chemistry; from theoretical modeling to industrial and consumer products. While a large amount of information is available on coordination chemistry in general and synthetic methods in particular, no comprehensive work has been presented on the preparation of coordination compounds with an emphasis on synthetic strategies rather than on detailed descriptions of specific syntheses. The goal of this book is to provide an approach to coordination chemistry that is based upon preparative strategies.The main aim of the authors is to present a systematic classification of synthetic reactions rather than an encyclopedic listing of experimental results. Hence, the coverage is more selective than exhaustive. Despite this, the book provides access to the original literature with ca. 2000 references. The edition is well-illustrated and contains almost 250 schemes, figures and illustrations of crystal structures of selected complexes.