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This book provides a basic understanding of refractories. This includes the fundamentals of refractory technology supported by phase diagrams as well as detailing the prominent applications of these essential industrial materials. This book covers all the facets of refractory technology, starting from classification, properties, standard specifications, details of the conventional shaped refractories, including relevant phase diagrams & application areas and also the details of unshaped refractories including various classifications, bonding, additives and their applications.
This book promotes understanding of the raw material selection, refractory design, tailor-made refractory developments, refractory properties, and methods of application. It provides a complete analysis of modern iron and steel refractories. It describes the daily demands on modern refractories and describes how these needs can be addressed or improved upon to help achieve the cleanest and largest yields of iron and steel. The text contains end-of-chapter summaries to help reinforce difficult concepts. It also includes problems at the end of chapters to confirm the reader's understanding of topics such as hoop stress modeling in steel ladle and vessels, establishment of thermal gradient mode...
Empire. Trade. Religion. Three crucial forces that have been almost equally responsible for shaping human civilization so far. Yet, the politics of empire has dominated history and popular discussion. Irrespective of the political upheavals, however, India has always been an open market-welcoming traders from far-off lands, promising them a fair bargain. Indian entrepreneurs since ages had developed their own sophisticated institutions and wide community-based networks. This open, liberal and robust 'bazaar economy' thrived unhindered till the advent of European trading companies, who brought with them the notions of monopoly and state controls. Business in India blossomed in tune with liber...
The State of Economic Inclusion Report 2021 sheds light on one of the most intractable challenges faced by development policy makers and practitioners: transforming the economic lives of the world’s poorest and most vulnerable people.Economic inclusion programs are a bundle of coordinated, multidimensional interventions that support individuals, households, and communities so they can raise their incomes and build their assets. Programs targeting the extreme poor and vulnerable groups are now under way in 75 countries.This report presents data and evidence from 219 of these programs, which are reaching over 90 million beneficiaries. Governments now lead the scale-up of economic inclusion i...
This book gathers the best articles presented by researchers and industrial experts at the International Conference on “Innovative Design and Development Practices in Aerospace and Automotive Engineering (I-DAD 2018)”. The papers discuss new design concepts, analysis and manufacturing technologies, with an emphasis on achieving improved performance by downsizing; improving the weight-to-strength ratio, fuel efficiency, and operational capability at room and elevated temperatures; reducing wear and tear; and addressing NVH aspects, while balancing the challenges of Euro IV/Barat Stage IV emission norms and beyond, greenhouse effects, and recyclable materials. The innovative methods discussed here offer valuable reference material for educational and research organizations, as well as industry, encouraging them to pursue challenging projects of mutual interest.