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Why the card catalog—a “paper machine” with rearrangeable elements—can be regarded as a precursor of the computer. Today on almost every desk in every office sits a computer. Eighty years ago, desktops were equipped with a nonelectronic data processing machine: a card file. In Paper Machines, Markus Krajewski traces the evolution of this proto-computer of rearrangeable parts (file cards) that became ubiquitous in offices between the world wars. The story begins with Konrad Gessner, a sixteenth-century Swiss polymath who described a new method of processing data: to cut up a sheet of handwritten notes into slips of paper, with one fact or topic per slip, and arrange as desired. In the...
Accompanied by new animations and updated with topical areas such as post-traumatic stress disorder, obesity and pain, this book helps students get up to speed with essential biology and neuroanatomy, understand the application of biology to psychology and delve deeper and think critically about contemporary issues.
Current Topics in Cellular Regulation: Volume 30 is a collection of papers that deals with eukaryotic DNA methylation, gene expression, regulation of nitrogenase activity, and the recognition of DNA by Type II restriction enzymes. Other papers discuss the mitochondrial Krebs cycle, enzyme mechanisms, transducin, and calcium-dependent cellular processes. One paper explains that methylation and demethylation of the DNA are complicated active processes, involving many aspects of the genome. The paper also notes that within the gross changes in methylation patterns, specific CpG sites play important roles in the expression or shutdown of target genes. Another paper concludes that, mono-ADP ribos...
Featuring a uniquely visual two-page-spread design that is great for rapid reference or review, In a Page Signs & Symptoms, Second Edition provides a quick overview of the 100 disorders and medical issues most commonly encountered on the wards or in the clinic. Each problem is presented on a two-page spread in boxes with consistent headings including introduction; etiology, pathophysiology and risk factors; patient presentation; differential diagnosis; diagnostic evaluation; treatment and management; and prognosis and complications. Bulleted key points appear under each heading. This edition is reorganized by organ system and features expanded differential diagnosis and treatment sections. This pocket-sized book is ideal for interns, medical students in clerkships, or USMLE review. It will also appeal to physician assistant and nurse practitioner students.