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Climate Change and Carbon Recycling
Climate Change and Carbon Recycling: Surface Chemistry Applications describes the application of surface chemistry methods for carbon capture and recycling in relation to climate change and atmospheric CO2 levels. The text is suitable for online education, with both basic and educational descriptions of the climate change process and carbon recycling methods like the adsorption and absorption of CO2 on solids. This book leads to a better understanding of a complex phenomenon and highlight the importance of CO2 capture and sequestration for the future to enable the utilization of fossil fuels without contributing to atmospheric greenhouse gases. Features This unique volume specifically highli...
Conflict and Cooperation in Microbial Societies
The most evident aspect of biodiversity is the variety of complex forms and behaviors among organisms, both living and extinct. Comparative molecular and physiological studies show that the evolution of complex phenotypic traits involves multiple levels of biological organization (i.e. genes, chromosomes, organelles, cells, individual organisms, species, etc.). Regardless of the specific molecular mechanisms and details, the evolution of different complex biological organizations share a commonality: cooperation and conflict among the parts of the biological unit under study. The potential for conflict among parts is abundant. How then do complex systems persist, given the necessity of coope...
The Role of Microbial Communities in Tropical Ecosystems
Tropical ecosystems are different in important ways from those of temperate regions. They are a major reservoir of plant and animal biodiversity and play important roles in global climate regulation and biogeochemical cycling. They are also under great threat due to the conversion of tropical ecosystems to other uses. Thus, in the context of global change, it is crucial to understand how environmental factors, biogeographic patterns, and land use changes interact to influence the structure and function of microbial communities in these ecosystems. The contributions to this Research Topic showcase the current knowledge regarding microbial ecology in tropical ecosystems, identify many challenges and questions that remain to be addressed and open up new horizons in our understanding of the environmental and anthropological factors controlling microbial communities in these important ecosystems.
A Novel Heme-Thiolate Peroxygenase AaeAPO and Its Implications for C-H Activation Chemistry
In this thesis, Xiaoshi Wang investigates the function and mechanism of a newly discovered heme-thiolate peroxygenase, AaeAPO. This enzyme class comes from Agrocybe aegerita and is used in the conversion of inert hydrocarbons to alcohols. Xiaoshi's work focuses on an extracellular P450 enzyme which is not limited in its stability and lack of solubility and therefore is relevant for widespread industrial use. The author demonstrates that the peroxygenase catalyzes a wide range of reactions. In some cases the author even describes very difficult transformations in molecules that are highly inert. Her detailed investigations provide a mechanistic framework for how the peroxygenase catalyzes such a large number of reactions. A major highlight of this thesis is the identification of key short-lived intermediates in the catalytic cycle of the peroxygenase, using rapid kinetic and spectroscopic methods, as well as the elucidation of the thermodynamic properties of these high-energy intermediates. This work adds new insight into an important class of enzymes.
Towards Sustainability in the Wine Industry by Valorization of Waste Products
This volume in our Sustainability: Contributions through Science and Technology series reviews the use of alternative green technologies (pressurized liquid and super-critical fluid extractions) for grape biomass valorization. Environmental sustainability and circular economy are discussed in relation to agro-industrial waste in the winemaking industry. The waste contaminates water and soil and, in large quantities, it has been related to bad odors, a high content of organic matter in water, and greenhouse gas emissions over the entire winemaking industry. Here, the authors illustrate how green extraction of commercially valuable substances can be scaled up at an industrial level. Features :...
Nanocellulose and Sustainability
Nanometre scale cellulose fibres, or nanocellulose, are emerging materials for various advanced applications. Nanocellulose and Sustainability: Production, Properties, Applications, and Case Studies provides a comprehensive overview of nanocellulose production, nanocellulose properties and nanocellulose in selected applications. This book serves as an entry level reference text for undergraduates, graduate students, researchers and professional engineers working in the area of nanocellulose and sustainability. Features: Summarises the surface and bulk properties of various types of nanocellulose Reviews the application of nanocellulose in water purification and optically transparent materials Provides an overview of nanocellulose as Pickering emulsifier, binder for loose natural fibres to produce non-woven preforms, as well as nanocellulose-based aerogels Presents a techno-economic analysis of industrial bacterial cellulose production Discusses the pilot scale production of cellulose nanocrystals
Sustainability of Biomass through Bio-based Chemistry
The process of photosynthesis is a potential source of energy and bioproducts. Renewable sources of polymeric materials offer an answer to maintaining sustainable development of economically and ecologically attractive technology. The innovations in the development of materials from biopolymers, preservation of fossil-based raw materials, complete biological degradability, reduction in the volume of garbage and compostability in the natural cycle, climate protection through reduction of carbon dioxide released, and the application possibilities of agricultural resources for the production of bio/green materials are some of the reasons why such materials are attracting public interest. FEATUR...
Nanotechnologies in Green Chemistry and Environmental Sustainability
Nanotechnologies represent a fast-growing market and this unique volume highlights the current studies in applied sciences on sustainability of green science and technology. The chapters include modelling, machine learning, nanotechnology, nanofluids, nanosystems, smart materials and applications and solar and fuel cells technology. The authors cover simulation, additive manufacturing, machine learning and the autonomous system. Various aspects of green science as well as trans-disciplinary topics between fundamental science and engineering are presented.The book is suitable for all postgraduates and researchers working in this rapid growing research area. Features Presenting latest research on green materials and sustainability. Provide in depth discussion on modeling and simulation using latest techniques. Technical exposure for the readers on additive manufacturing principles. Numerous examples on nanofluids and nano technology are presented. Discusses computer modeling, superconductivity, nanotubes and related structures such as graphene.
Active Learning in Organic Chemistry
Organic chemistry courses are often difficult for students, and instructors are constantly seeking new ways to improve student learning. This volume details active learning strategies implemented at a variety of institutional settings, including small and large; private and public; liberal arts and technical; and highly selective and open-enrollment institutions. Readers will find detailed descriptions of methods and materials, in addition to data supporting analyses of the effectiveness of reported pedagogies.
Antioxidant Polymers
Antioxidant Polymers is an exhaustive overview of the recent developments in the field of polymeric materials showing antioxidant properties. This research area has grown rapidly in the last decade because antioxidant polymers have wide industry applications ranging from materials science to biomedical, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
