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An investigation into why the creation of nation-states coincided with bouts of civil war in the nineteenth-century Western world.
Germany's imperial era (1871-1918) continues to attract both scholars and the general public alike. The American historian Roger Chickering has referred to the historiography on the Kaiserreich as an 'extraordinary body of historical scholarship', whose quality and diversity stands comparison with that of any other episode in European history. This Companion is a significant addition to this body of scholarship with the emphasis very much on the present and future. Questions of continuity remain a vital and necessary line of historical enquiry and while it may have been short-lived, the Kaiserreich remains central to modern German and European history. The volume allows 25 experts, from acro...
This book provides a reappraisal of Germany’s military between the mid-nineteenth century and the end of the First World War. At its core is the following question: how 'German' was the imperial German army? This army, which emerged from the Wars of Unification in 1871, has commonly been seen as the 'school of the nation'. After all – so this argument goes – tens of thousands of young men passed through its ranks each year, with conscripts undergoing an intense program of patriotic education and returning to civilian life as fervent German nationalists and ardent supporters of the German emperor, or Kaiser. This book reexamines this assumption. It does not deny that devotion to the Fatherland and loyalty to the Kaiser were widespread among German soldiers in the decades following unification. It nevertheless shows that the imperial German army was far less homogenous and far more faction-ridden than has hitherto been acknowledged.
Ludwig II of Bavaria (1864—1886) is more internationally known for his royal palaces than hardly any other regent of the 19th century. They are the symbol of a personal architectural vision which, to this day, fascinates people from all over the world. However, the fame of his palaces has eclipsed other construction activities in the Kingdom of Bavaria: urban developments, hospitals, and schools, theatres and museums, but also factories, railway stations, apartment blocks, churches, and synagogues were created under his regency. This book, for the first time, sheds light on the broad architectural activities in this epoch. Essays and overview illustrations of the building projects of the time provide insights into the diversity of the then building culture and, at the same time, open up a new perspective on the royal palaces.
Am 13. Juni 1886 ertrank der bayerische König Ludwig II. zusammen mit dem Psychiater Bernhard von Gudden im Starnberger See. Der Münchner Professor hatte dem König wenige Tage zuvor „unheilbare Geistesschwäche und Paranoia“ attestiert, woraufhin dieser entmündigt, überwältigt und in Schloß Berg unter psychiatrische Aufsicht gestellt worden war. Gut 120 Jahre später kann der renommierte Psychiater Heinz Häfner nach Sichtung bislang unbekannter Quellen zeigen: Auch nach den damals geltenden Kriterien war der König keineswegs geisteskrank.
Bringing together an international team of specialists, this volume considers the place of royal heirs within their families, their education and accommodation, their ability to overcome succession crises, the consequences of the death of an heir and finally the roles royal heirs played during the First World War.
Particularly in the humanities and social sciences, festschrifts are a popular forum for discussion. The IJBF provides quick and easy general access to these important resources for scholars and students. The festschrifts are located in state and regional libraries and their bibliographic details are recorded. Since 1983, more than 639,000 articles from more than 29,500 festschrifts, published between 1977 and 2010, have been catalogued.
This book explores the development and viability of Germany’s sub-national monarchies in the decades before their sudden demise in 1918. It does so by focusing on the men who turned out to be the last ones to inherit the crowns of the country’s three smaller kingdoms: Prince Ludwig of Bavaria, Prince Friedrich August of Saxony and Prince Wilhelm of Württemberg. Imperial Germany was not a monolithic block, but a motley federation of more than twenty allied regional monarchies, headed by the Kaiser. When the German Reich became a republic at the end of the First World War, all of these kings, grand dukes, dukes and princes were swept away within a fortnight. By examining the lives, experiences and functions of these three men as heirs to the throne during the decades when they prepared themselves for their predestined role as king, this study investigates what the future of the German model of constitutional monarchy looked like before it was so abruptly discarded.
Seit dem Ende der Monarchie und besonders nach der demokratischen Erneuerung Bayerns ab 1945 ist der Ministerpräsident die zentrale Figur im politischen System des Freistaats Bayern. Für den erfolgreichen Wandel vom agrarisch geprägten Land zum führenden Industrie- und Hightech-Standort haben die Amtsinhaber nachhaltige Impulse setzen können. In den 100 Jahren zwischen der Ausrufung des Freistaats durch Kurt Eisner 1918 und dem Ende der Amtszeit von Horst Seehofer 2018 bekleideten 16 Männer diese Position. Ihre Lebensläufe zeigen auch die historischen Herausforderungen, denen das Amt ausgesetzt war. Erstmals werden in einem Sammelband alle Amtsinhaber seit 1918 biografisch vorgestellt. Zudem werden die Vorformen des Amts im 18., 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert sowie die verfassungsrechtliche Stellung des Amts, seine Entwicklung während der NS-Zeit und die Amtssitze der Ministerpräsidenten in München beleuchtet.
Im Sommer 1870, vor gut 150 Jahren, erklärte das französische Kaiserreich dem von Preußen geführten Norddeutschen Bund den Krieg. Aus diesem Krieg, in dem die bislang unabhängigen süddeutschen Staaten die Norddeutschen um Preußen unterstützten, entstand der Nationalstaat der Deutschen. Das Buch präsentiert einen gut lesbaren Überblick zur Geschichte des Deutschen Kaiserreiches, der vollkommen neu aus den historischen Quellen erarbeitet wurde. Er kommt dabei zu vielen überraschenden Ergebnissen, die die traditionelle Sicht vieler Historiker infrage stellen. Immer wieder wird auf die langfristigen Folgen damaliger Politik verwiesen, die vielfach bis in unsere Gegenwart reichen. Neu bewertet werden u. a. der Kulturkampf und das sogenannte Sozialistengesetz gegen die "gemeingefährlichen Bestrebungen der Sozialdemokratie". Bei wichtigen Weichenstellungen geht der Autor der Frage nach, welche anderen Alternativen in der Zeit möglich gewesen wären. Das gilt auch für den Ausbruch und den Verlauf des Ersten Weltkrieges und den Zusammenbruch des Kaiserreiches, mit denen das Buch schließt.