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This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the Calculus of Variations and its use in modelling mechanics and physics problems. Presenting a geometric approach to the subject, it progressively guides the reader through this very active branch of mathematics, accompanying key statements with a huge variety of exercises, some of them solved. Stressing the need to overcome limitations of the initial point of view, and emphasising the interconnectivity of various branches of mathematics (algebra, analysis and geometry), the book includes some advanced material to challenge the most motivated students. Systematic, short historical notes provide details on the subject’s odyssey, and how new tools have been developed over the last two centuries. This English translation updates a set of notes for a course first given at the École polytechnique in 1987. It will be accessible to graduate students and advanced undergraduates.
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In the framework of the "Annee non lineaire" (the special nonlinear year) sponsored by the C.N.R.S. (the French National Center for Scien tific Research), a meeting was held in Paris in June 1988. It took place in the Conference Hall of the Ministere de la Recherche and had as an organizing theme the topic of "Variational Problems." Nonlinear analysis has been one of the leading themes in mathemat ical research for the past decade. The use of direct variational methods has been particularly successful in understanding problems arising from physics and geometry. The growth of nonlinear analysis is largely due to the wealth of ap plications from various domains of sciences and industrial appli...
The focus of this volume is research carried out as part of the program Mathematics of Planet Earth, which provides a platform to showcase the essential role of mathematics in addressing planetary problems and creating a context for mathematicians and applied scientists to foster mathematical and interdisciplinary developments that will be necessary to tackle a myriad of issues and meet future global challenges. Earth is a planet with dynamic processes in its mantle, oceans and atmosphere creating climate, causing natural disasters and influencing fundamental aspects of life and life-supporting systems. In addition to these natural processes, human activity has increased to the point where i...
This book introduces readers to the living topics of Riemannian Geometry and details the main results known to date. The results are stated without detailed proofs but the main ideas involved are described, affording the reader a sweeping panoramic view of almost the entirety of the field. From the reviews "The book has intrinsic value for a student as well as for an experienced geometer. Additionally, it is really a compendium in Riemannian Geometry." --MATHEMATICAL REVIEWS
Founded in 1931 by Otto Neugebauer as the printed documentation service “Zentralblatt für Mathematik und ihre Grenzgebiete”, Zentralblatt MATH (ZBMATH) celebrates its 80th anniversary in 2011. Today it is the most comprehensive and active reference database in pure and applied mathematics worldwide. Many prominent mathematicians have been involved in this service as reviewers or editors and have, like all mathematicians, left their footprints in ZBMATH, in a long list of entries describing all of their research publications in mathematics. This book provides one review from each of the 80 years of ZBMATH. Names like Courant, Kolmogorov, Hardy, Hirzebruch, Faltings and many others can be found here. In addition to the original reviews, the book offers the authors' profiles indicating their co-authors, their favorite journals and the time span of their publication activities. In addition to this, a generously illustrated essay by Silke Göbel describes the history of ZBMATH.
A photographic exploration of mathematicians’ chalkboards “A mathematician, like a painter or poet, is a maker of patterns,” wrote the British mathematician G. H. Hardy. In Do Not Erase, photographer Jessica Wynne presents remarkable examples of this idea through images of mathematicians’ chalkboards. While other fields have replaced chalkboards with whiteboards and digital presentations, mathematicians remain loyal to chalk for puzzling out their ideas and communicating their research. Wynne offers more than one hundred stunning photographs of these chalkboards, gathered from a diverse group of mathematicians around the world. The photographs are accompanied by essays from each math...
'ESPE - The First 50 Years' tells the story of ESPE's development from a small club of friends into an international scientific society. The European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology looks back on its history, major steps in the development of this new subspecialty, and how the 30 founders and the generations of scientists who followed them achieved a democratically structured professional organisation. Success in obtaining vital long-term sponsorship from the industry enabled the development of various high-level educational programmes, fellowships, postgraduate schools, international research clusters and the establishment of prestigious scientific awards. In the second part of the book 21 senior ESPE members look back in personal recollections, and tell fascinating stories of their ESPE past. The third part provides a chronological overview with key data, including the most important scientific topics at ESPE's 50 annual meetings to date, eight of which were international Joint Meetings. These reference overviews of meetings illustrate in detail the impressive development of paediatric endocrinology in Europe and around the world.
The second of three parts comprising Volume 54, the proceedings of the Summer Research Institute on Differential Geometry, held at the University of California, Los Angeles, July 1990 (ISBN for the set is 0-8218-1493-1). Among the subjects of Part 2 are gauge theory, symplectic geometry, complex ge