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This book explores how the EU’s enforcement of competition law has moved from centralisation to decentralisation over the years, with the National Competition Authorities embracing more enforcement powers. At the same time, harmonisation has been employed as a solution to ensure that the enforcement of EU competition rules is not weakened and the internal market remains a level playing field. While employing a comparative law argument, the book, accordingly, analyses the need for harmonisation throughout the different stages of development of the EU’s competition law enforcement (save Merger control and State Aid), the underlying rationale, and the extent to which comparative studies hav...
Amongst other regional organisations, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) stands out for the diversity of its ten Member States, stemming from their respective economic and political heritage, governance systems, legal institutions, stages of economic development, and exposure to or reliance on foreign trade and investments. As of 2017, however, the regional bloc has formalised its focus on economic integration and development of a regional competition law. Challenging this vision are the States’ very different national competition law systems, ongoing problems with governmental intervention in the economy, and lack of effective and efficient corruption-free regulatory and j...
This book provides a critical analysis of merger control regimes in the former socialist countries with small market economies, looking at the unique challenges facing these economies. Questions will be asked as to what extent these countries have had to follow dictation from the EU and whether this implementation of EU merger control rules has been justified from the point of view of these countries' economic situations. The book will analyse the merger control regimes in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, Slovenia and Slovakia. However, reference will be made to other small market economies of the EU including Cyprus, Ireland, Luxembourg and Malta in order to evaluate the particular difficulties the former socialist countries with small market economies have had in the implementation and further development of merger control rules.
The Routledge Handbook of Consumer Protection and Behaviour in Energy Markets provides a comprehensive study of consumer protection and consumer behaviour in selected jurisdictions worldwide. Each chapter is written by experts and provides a contemporary overview of national consumer protection and policy developments in the energy sector. Today energy has become an essential factor in ensuring the socio-economic development of any country and improving the quality of life of society and is now an essential element of life for everyone. The energy market has become a competitive market, based on the assumption that generation and sale of energy is not a natural monopoly and that market mecha...
EU Law provides a comprehensive examination of the law of the European Union in two distinct parts, covering the institutions, structure and processes of the EU as well as the substantive law, as enacted by the Lisbon Treaty. Beginning by examining its origins, Conway locates EU Law within both an international and a domestic legal context. He then explores the evolution of EU Law before providing a clear and accessible account of the structure and internal and international workings of the EU and the special role of the European Court of Justice. The second half of the book explores the Four Freedoms (of Goods, Workers, Capital and Movement) and provides a detailed account of Competition La...
Following on from the first volume, this unique book is the only collection of native analyses of the status of legislation in 30 European jurisdictions plus the EU. Each chapter, written by a national authority in the legislative field, presents and critically assesses: - the national constitutional environment and its connection with EU law; - the nature and types of legislation; - the legislative process; - the drafting process; - jurisprudence conventions; - the training of drafters. The book opens with a comparative chapter on the these six themes, and concludes with an analysis of trends and best practices in Europe. Legislation in Europe is a necessary addition to law and policy libraries, law-making institutions and agencies, and an invaluable tool for constitutional and drafting academics and practitioners.
Sustainable Energy Technology, Business Models, and Policies: Theoretical Peripheries and Practical Implications offers a new outlook on incorporating sustainable energy technologies into business models. This book begins by conceptualizing a theoretical sustainability framework from an interdisciplinary perspective. In the second part, the findings from several case studies examine criteria for business energy policies including legal implications and technical, market, or business model viability. Finally, the book addresses the technical and economic difficulties for recovering and re-using energy losses within energy-intensive industries, while also proposing practical solutions to overc...
Addressing one of the most pressing environmental issues, this topical book carefully inspects the current extent of the plastic pollution crisis and observes contemporary approaches to its regulation. By adopting a strong interdisciplinary approach, this book fully encapsulates the key challenges and solutions surrounding this globally applicable problem.
The EU and the US are the preeminent examples of multi-level polities and both have highly developed competition policies. Despite these similarities however, recent developments suggest that they are moving in different directions in the area of antitrust federalism. This book examines multi-level governance in competition policy from a comparative perspective. The book analyses how competition laws and authorities of different levels - the federal and the state levels in the US and the national and the supranational levels in the EU - interact with each other. Inspired by the increasingly divergent policy developments taking place on both sides of the Atlantic, the author asks whether the ...
This Handbook provides a state-of-the-art survey of the study of the rule of law across law, the humanities, and social sciences, as well as insights into the practice of building the rule of law within and among states. Its 28 chapters are by many of the world’s leading scholars of the rule of law, as well as distinguished junior scholars, from a dozen countries and representing a number of academic disciplines. The chapters are ordered to progress, first, from theory to the practice of the rule of law and, second, from the rule of law within, to beyond, the state. They divide into three parts. The first part examines the concept, history, and value of the rule of law. This section consid...