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The Role of Primary Motor Cortex as a Marker for and Modulator of Pain Control and Emotional-Affective Processing
The sensory and motor cortical homunculi proposed by Walter Penfield were a major landmark for the anatomical mapping of the brain. More than 60 years after, the development of new tools to investigate brain function non-invasively has increased our knowledge about the structure and functions of the primary motor Cortex (M1) beyond motor control in both humans and animals. This book highlights the role of the motor cortex that goes way beyond motor functioning. We were interested in both theoretical and empirical contributions related to electrophysiological, pharmacological, neuroimaging, and neuromodulatory studies exploring the role of M1 on non-motor functions, such as pain, abnormal neuroplasticity that may lead to chronic pain conditions; or the relationship between M1 and mental imagery or emotion. This book is comprised of 15 articles published in this edited volume as a research topic collection in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience titled “The Role of Primary Motor Cortex as a Marker and Modulator of Pain Control and Emotional-Affective Processing.”
Assessing Health-related Quality of Life of Children
Assessing health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of Children has been a popular topic in recent years worldwide. However, there are several issues/gaps in this research area which need to be addressed. For instance, previous studies on HRQOL of Children populations have normally used HRQOL instruments designed for adults. These measurements may not be suitable for children as they are in a series of cognitive developmental stages and have different perspectives towards the relative importance of HRQOL dimensions. In order to tackle this issue and to accurately measure children’s HRQOL, a set of dedicated HRQOL instruments should be first developed and validated. The validated instruments could then be applied to the population measuring their HRQOL. In addition, the HRQOL information collected could be translated into health utility score if it is measured by utility instruments (e.g., EQ-5D-Y) for the population. Moreover, the relevant studies on these issues is still lacking especially in non-western countries.
Design
O contexto atual do Design sugere que o mesmo pode ser compreendido como a área de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) que agrega conhecimentos diversos com o propósito de oferecer produtos e sistemas que enaltecem a interação e a qualidade de vida humana. Por qualidade de vida compreendem-se as condições que contribuem para o bem-estar físico, cognitivo, social e espiritual das sociedades, comunidade e dos indivíduos que participam das mesmas. No caso das pessoas com deficiência, a promoção da qualidade de vida pode ocorrer pelo conjunto de recursos denominado de Tecnologias Assistivas, as quais visam potencializar as habilidades funcionais dos indivíduos e sua inclusão na socieda...
From Organizational Welfare to Business Success: Higher Performance in Healthy Organizational Environments
This e-book provides insight into the link between employee health and productivity/performance, with a focus on how individuals, groups, or organizations can intervene in this relationship to improve both well-being and performance-related outcomes. Given the continuous changes that organizations and employees face, such as the aging workforce and continued economic turbulence, it is not surprising that studies are increasingly finding that employee health is related to job conditions. The papers in this e-book emphasize that organizations make a critical difference when it comes to employees' health and well-being. In turn, healthy employees help their organizations to flourish. Such findi...
Topics in Cognitive Rehabilitation in the TBI Post-Hospital Phase
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) refers to nondegenerative, noncongenital damage to the brain from an external mechanical force, which can lead to permanent or temporary impairment of cognitive, physical, and psychosocial functions, with an associated diminished or altered state of consciousness. Despite this broad definition, it is estimated that more than 1.500.000 people suffer TBI annually in US, with 20% afflicted with moderate or severe forms. Additionally, a high percentage of these patients are unable to return to their daily routine (approximately 50%). In this context, both motor and cognitive rehabilitation are extremely important for these individuals. The aim of cognitive and motor ...
International Perspectives on Spinal Cord Injury
"Every year between 250 000 and 500 000 people suffer a spinal cord injury, with road traffic crashes, falls and violence as the three leading causes. People with spinal cord injury are two to five times more likely to die prematurely. They also have lower rates of school enrollment and economic participation than people without such injuries. Spinal cord injury has costly consequences for the individual and society, but it is preventable, survivable and need not preclude good health and social inclusion. Ensuring an adequate medical and rehabilitation response, followed by supportive services and accessible environments, can help minimize the disruption to people with spinal cord injury and...
Control of Movement for the Physically Disabled
Restoring motor functions to persons with disabilities has been an exciting yet often frustrating research area. The aim of this book is to explore parallels in sensorimotor integration of rehabilitation devices and human extremities, addressing the important question of how the next generation of rehabilitation devices employing electronic control should evolve. By bringing together experimental physiology, kinesiology, rehabilitation therapy, and computer and electrical engineering, this book discusses a range of issues in natural and artificial control.
Textbook of Neural Repair and Rehabilitation: Neural repair and plasticity
Covers the basic sciences relevant to recovery of function following injury to the nervous system.
Assistive Technology Assessment Handbook
Assistive Technology Assessment Handbook, Second Edition, proposes an international ideal model for the assistive technology assessment process, outlining how this model can be applied in practice to re-conceptualize the phases of an assistive technology delivery system according to the biopsychosocial model of disability. The model provides reference guidelines for evidence-based practice, guiding both public and private centers that wish to compare, evaluate, and improve their ability to match a person with the correct technology model. This second edition also offers a contribution to the Global Cooperation on Assistive Technology (GATE) initiative, whose activities are strongly focused o...
