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Tujuan dilakukan uji validitas dan realibilitas pada pelayanan dan klinis adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara hasil dengan satu atau lebih variabel atau karakteristik yang berhubungan dengan kualitas tidur pada pasien kanker. Validitas dan realibilitas ini merupakan alat ukur yang digunakan untuk menentukan kesahihan dan kehandalan. Alat ukur dikatakan valid dan reliabel jika pengukurannya menggambarkan hal sebenarnya yang ingin diukur dan dapat dikatakan reliabel apabila hasil dari pengukuran dilakukan pada waktu yang berbeda (Bolarinwa, 2015; Lewis, 1999). Validitas didefinisikan sebagai standar suatu hasil pengukuran yang menunjukan ketepatan karakteristik intrumen yang akan diukur. V...
Buku "ENGLISH GRAMMAR BASIC TO ADVANCE : Teori & Implementasi" merupakan panduan menyeluruh yang membahas tata bahasa English dari tingkat dasar hingga lanjutan. Buku ini mencakup topik penting seperti Introduction to English Grammar, Parts of Speech, termasuk nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, dan prepositions. Selain itu, buku ini menguraikan struktur kalimat (Sentence Structure), berbagai bentuk verb tenses, passive voice, serta conditionals. Setiap bab dirancang untuk memberikan pemahaman teori yang kuat disertai dengan implementasi praktis, memungkinkan pembaca untuk mengaplikasikan konsep yang dipelajari dalam komunikasi sehari-hari. Bagian akhir buku menyoroti kesalahan umum dalam English Grammar yang sering dilakukan, memberikan tips untuk menghindarinya. Bab terakhir, Practical Applications, menghubungkan teori dengan praktik nyata, seperti menulis dan berbicara efektif dalam English. Dengan kombinasi teori dan latihan praktis, buku ini cocok bagi pelajar, pengajar, dan siapa saja yang ingin meningkatkan kemampuan berbahasa English. Buku ini menjadi referensi berharga untuk memahami dan menguasai tata bahasa English secara komprehensif.
This guide to vocabulary acquisition is essential reading for teachers of English as a second or foreign language. It presents the major ideas and principles that relate to the teaching and learning of vocabulary and evaluates a wide range of practical activities designed to help boost students’ vocabulary acquisition. Key questions which are answered include: • How many words should students learn at a time, and how often? • How much classroom time should be spent teaching vocabulary? • What is the best way to group vocabulary for learning? • Is it useful to provide students with the L1 translations of unknown words? • Why do some students make greater progress than others? stua...
Master the essential skills for designing and conducting a successful research project Essentials of Research Design and Methodology contains practical information on how to design and conduct scientific research in the behavioral and social sciences. This accessible guide covers basic to advanced concepts in a clear, concrete, and readable style. The text offers students and practitioners in the behavioral sciences and related disciplines important insights into identifying research topics, variables, and methodological approaches. Data collection and assessment strategies, interpretation methods, and important ethical considerations also receive significant coverage in this user-friendly g...
This newly revised second edition looks at ways in which teachers can develop children's abilities in speaking and listening, as required by the National Curriculum. The authors discuss the links between language and learning; offer case studies and suggestions for classroom practice; and provide stimulating activities to help pupils to become more articulate, coherent and effective in standard English. The book is a suitable text for students taking primary initial teacher training courses. It will also be welcomed as a practical handbook for primary teachers.
Presented in two parts, this book firstly introduces core considerations in ESP course development drawing on examples from a wide range of ESP and EAP courses. Secondly four case studies show how experienced ESP teachers and course developers went about developing courses to meet the needs of their particular learners.
The four Essentials books in the series, one for each skill area, provide helpful information for instructors who wish to teach academic English.
This hands-on, practical guide for ESL/EFL teachers and teacher educators outlines, for those who are new to doing action research, what it is and how it works. Straightforward and reader friendly, it introduces the concepts and offers a step-by-step guide to going through an action research process, including illustrations drawn widely from international contexts. Each chapter includes a variety of pedagogical activities. Bringing the how-to and the what together, this is the perfect text for BATESOL and MATESOL courses in which action research is the focus or a required component.
In the Michigan Classics Edition of Content-Based Second Language Instruction, the authors provide updates on the field of CBI in second language acquisition since 1989. While the core of the book remains the same, new features discuss important CBI-related research and modifications to the pedagogy in the past many years. Content-Based Second Language Instruction, Michigan Classics Edition, now includes: a new preface a glossary of key terms an updated bibliography an epilogue highlighting the major developments in the field since 1989.