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This book provides original, innovative, and international tourism research that is embedded in interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary theoretical and methodological thought in the study of dark tourism. It is almost 25 years since the idea of dark tourism was introduced and presented into the field of tourism studies. The impact of this idea was greater, which attracted a great deal of attention from different researchers and practitioners with a good range of disciplines and farther tourism studies. This edited volume aims to capture a glimpse of the types of cutting-edge thinking and academic research in the domain of dark tourism studies as well as encourage and advance theoretical, con...
This book examines relationships between pairwise comparisons matrices. It first provides an overview of the latest theories of pairwise comparisons in decision making, discussing the pairwise comparison matrix, a fundamental tool for further investigation, as a deterministic matrix with given elements. Subsequent chapters then investigate these matrices under uncertainty, as a matrix with vague elements (fuzzy and/or intuitionistic fuzzy ones), and also as random elements. The second part of the book describes the application of the theoretical results in the three most popular multicriteria decision-making methods: the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), PROMETHEE and TOPSIS. This book appeals to scholars in areas such as decision theory, operations research, optimization theory, algebra, interval analysis and fuzzy sets.
These notes deal with a set of interrelated problems and results in algebraic number theory, in which there has been renewed activity in recent years. The underlying tool is the theory of the central extensions and, in most general terms, the underlying aim is to use class field theoretic methods to reach beyond Abelian extensions. One purpose of this book is to give an introductory survey, assuming the basic theorems of class field theory as mostly recalled in section 1 and giving a central role to the Tate cohomology groups $\hat H{}^{-1}$. The principal aim is, however, to use the general theory as developed here, together with the special features of class field theory over $\mathbf Q$, ...
In the last 25 years, the fuzzy set theory has been applied in many disciplines such as operations research, management science, control theory, artificial intelligence/expert system, etc. In this volume, methods and applications of crisp, fuzzy and possibilistic multiple objective decision making are first systematically and thoroughly reviewed and classified. This state-of-the-art survey provides readers with a capsule look into the existing methods, and their characteristics and applicability to analysis of fuzzy and possibilistic programming problems. To realize practical fuzzy modelling, it presents solutions for real-world problems including production/manufacturing, location, logistics, environment management, banking/finance, personnel, marketing, accounting, agriculture economics and data analysis. This book is a guided tour through the literature in the rapidly growing fields of operations research and decision making and includes the most up-to-date bibliographical listing of literature on the topic.
Despite the increased research interest in tourism in Asia, most research has focused on the key destinations (China, Macau, Hong Kong, Thailand), while neglecting other destinations which are less well explored. Little is known about the marketing efforts and practices, along with the successes and challenges, countries in the East and Southeast Asia have been experiencing. This book aims to address this oversight by exploring the marketing approaches, techniques and tools used by various countries in the region both collectively and individually to manage their tourism offerings and position them in the global tourism market: China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Macau, Mongolia, Myanmar, Vietnam. The book will be of interest to tourism marketing researchers, practitioners, academics, undergraduate and postgraduate students who will find these insightful contemporary case studies useful in the classroom.
In its 114th year, Billboard remains the world's premier weekly music publication and a diverse digital, events, brand, content and data licensing platform. Billboard publishes the most trusted charts and offers unrivaled reporting about the latest music, video, gaming, media, digital and mobile entertainment issues and trends.
Trauma represents a leading cause of death, particularly in the younger population. Traumatic brain injury and hemorrhage are the most common causes of early death, whereas complications such as infections, (multi-)organ failure and “persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome” (PICS) represent relevant factors for late adverse outcomes. Pre- and intra-hospital diagnostic and therapeutic standard operating procedures have been shown to beneficially influence posttraumatic outcome. However, development of patient-specific diagnostic and therapeutic strategies remains challenging due to uncertainties regarding the assessment of the individual risk profile. Furthermo...
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