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In Volume I, Analysis of Cells and Tissues, we presented a range of protocols aimed at mapping and analyzing the expression of various molecules of pot- tial interest in metastasis research and for examining their production at the genetic level. In this second volume of metastasis research protocols, we move to the level of living cells and tissues and present methodologies applicable to examining metastatic behavior in vitro and in whole animal models. The methods described in the first section of this volume concentrate on the separation of cell lines with high and low metastatic potential, including the genetic modification of cell lines. The assay systems to test defined aspects of the metastatic cascade are then described in Part II and include cell migration assays, assays for matrix degrading enzymes, basement membrane degrading assays, adhesion assays, and assays of angiogenesis. The role of the specific elements of the metastatic cascade assayed in each of these systems in turn must of course be put into perspective relative to their roles in entire living organisms.
. What is cancer?, L.M. Franks and Margaret A. Knowles. 2. The causes of cancer, Naomi Allen, Robert Newton, Amy Berrington de Gonzalez, Jane Green, Emily Banks, and Timothy J. Key. 3. Inherited Susceptibility to Cancer, D. Timothy Bishop. 4. DNA Repair and Cancer, Beate Koberle, John P. Wittschieben, and Richard D. Wood. 5. Epigenetic Events in Cancer, Jonathan C. Cheng and Peter A. Jones. 6. Molecular Cytogenetics of Cancer, Denise. Sheer and Janet Shipley. 7. Oncogenes, Margaret A. Knowles. 8. Tumour suppressor genes, Sonia Lain and David P. Lane. 9. The cancer cell cycle, Chris J. Norbury. 10. Cellular immortalization and telomerase activation in cancer, Robert F. Newbold. 11. Growth fac...
An international team of experts critically review the recent progress in basic and applied research in angiogenesis. Their cutting-edge discussion ranges from the stimulation and repression of angiogenesis to the discovery of novel targets and the use angiotherapy in the clinic. They also detail the fundamental concepts in the physiology and pathophysiology of angiogenesis and evaluate the potential of angiotherapy in the management of angiogenic disease, highlighting some of the angiogenics and antiangiogenics both in development and in clinical trials.
Providing a timely and much-needed resource on LTAs, the book helps readers recognize the importance and nature of teachers’ professional development, while also contributing to the process of educational change. In order to achieve a suitable level of educational and policy change, a research base for LTAs is called for. This book represents a step in the right direction, introducing readers to essential research on the central role of LTAs in language teachers’ development. Although pre-service and in-service education programs, to be found at government and/or private institutions, are of great value, it is impossible to prepare teachers for all the challenges they will face throughout their careers. In response, many professional associations also provide a wide range of professional development activities for their teacher members. The book will be of interest to language teachers, graduate students, teacher educators and researchers, educational leaders and policymakers, as well as teacher associations.
Angiogenesis (formation of new vessels from pre-existing ones) is a crucial early event in the process of tumor development. New vessels supply the tumor with nutrients that are needed for further local growth and enable distant metastases (Folkman 1995). Judah Folkman (1971) highlighted the potential therapeutic imp- cations of tumor angiogenesis. He hypothesized that if tumor angiogenesis is inhibited, then tumor growth and metastasis will be impaired greatly or even impossible. The subsequent quest for endogenous and exogenous inhibitors of angiogenesis has yielded a variety of promising therapeutic agents that block one or more angiogenic pathways, a few of which have been approved by th...
John Thew married Elsie Snedecker, daughter of Teunis Snedecker and Neeltje Polhemus, in about 1725 in New York. They had five children. Descendants and relatives lived mainly in New York and Ohio.