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Quadratic Vector Equations on Complex Upper Half-Plane
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 146

Quadratic Vector Equations on Complex Upper Half-Plane

The authors consider the nonlinear equation −1m=z+Sm with a parameter z in the complex upper half plane H, where S is a positivity preserving symmetric linear operator acting on bounded functions. The solution with values in H is unique and its z-dependence is conveniently described as the Stieltjes transforms of a family of measures v on R. In a previous paper the authors qualitatively identified the possible singular behaviors of v: under suitable conditions on S we showed that in the density of v only algebraic singularities of degree two or three may occur. In this paper the authors give a comprehensive analysis of these singularities with uniform quantitative controls. They also find a universal shape describing the transition regime between the square root and cubic root singularities. Finally, motivated by random matrix applications in the authors' companion paper they present a complete stability analysis of the equation for any z∈H, including the vicinity of the singularities.

A Unified Approach to Structural Limits and Limits of Graphs with Bounded Tree-Depth
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 120

A Unified Approach to Structural Limits and Limits of Graphs with Bounded Tree-Depth

In this paper the authors introduce a general framework for the study of limits of relational structures and graphs in particular, which is based on a combination of model theory and (functional) analysis. The authors show how the various approaches to graph limits fit to this framework and that the authors naturally appear as “tractable cases” of a general theory. As an outcome of this, the authors provide extensions of known results. The authors believe that this puts these into a broader context. The second part of the paper is devoted to the study of sparse structures. First, the authors consider limits of structures with bounded diameter connected components and prove that in this c...

Quasi-periodic Standing Wave Solutions of Gravity-Capillary Water Waves
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 184

Quasi-periodic Standing Wave Solutions of Gravity-Capillary Water Waves

The authors prove the existence and the linear stability of small amplitude time quasi-periodic standing wave solutions (i.e. periodic and even in the space variable x) of a 2-dimensional ocean with infinite depth under the action of gravity and surface tension. Such an existence result is obtained for all the values of the surface tension belonging to a Borel set of asymptotically full Lebesgue measure.

Automorphisms of Fusion Systems of Finite Simple Groups of Lie Type
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 176

Automorphisms of Fusion Systems of Finite Simple Groups of Lie Type

For a finite group G of Lie type and a prime p, the authors compare the automorphism groups of the fusion and linking systems of G at p with the automorphism group of G itself. When p is the defining characteristic of G, they are all isomorphic, with a very short list of exceptions. When p is different from the defining characteristic, the situation is much more complex but can always be reduced to a case where the natural map from Out(G) to outer automorphisms of the fusion or linking system is split surjective. This work is motivated in part by questions involving extending the local structure of a group by a group of automorphisms, and in part by wanting to describe self homotopy equivalences of BG∧p in terms of Out(G).

The Bounded and Precise Word Problems for Presentations of Groups
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 118

The Bounded and Precise Word Problems for Presentations of Groups

The author introduces and studies the bounded word problem and the precise word problem for groups given by means of generators and defining relations. For example, for every finitely presented group, the bounded word problem is in NP, i.e., it can be solved in nondeterministic polynomial time, and the precise word problem is in PSPACE, i.e., it can be solved in polynomial space. The main technical result of the paper states that, for certain finite presentations of groups, which include the Baumslag-Solitar one-relator groups and free products of cyclic groups, the bounded word problem and the precise word problem can be solved in polylogarithmic space. As consequences of developed techniques that can be described as calculus of brackets, the author obtains polylogarithmic space bounds for the computational complexity of the diagram problem for free groups, for the width problem for elements of free groups, and for computation of the area defined by polygonal singular closed curves in the plane. The author also obtains polynomial time bounds for these problems.

Hodge Ideals
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 92

Hodge Ideals

The authors use methods from birational geometry to study the Hodge filtration on the localization along a hypersurface. This filtration leads to a sequence of ideal sheaves, called Hodge ideals, the first of which is a multiplier ideal. They analyze their local and global properties, and use them for applications related to the singularities and Hodge theory of hypersurfaces and their complements.

Localization for $THH(ku)$ and the Topological Hochschild and Cyclic Homology of Waldhausen Categories
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 112

Localization for $THH(ku)$ and the Topological Hochschild and Cyclic Homology of Waldhausen Categories

The authors resolve the longstanding confusion about localization sequences in $THH$ and $TC$ and establish a specialized devissage theorem.

Sums of Reciprocals of Fractional Parts and Multiplicative Diophantine Approximation
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 92
Random Matrices
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 513

Random Matrices

Random matrix theory has many roots and many branches in mathematics, statistics, physics, computer science, data science, numerical analysis, biology, ecology, engineering, and operations research. This book provides a snippet of this vast domain of study, with a particular focus on the notations of universality and integrability. Universality shows that many systems behave the same way in their large scale limit, while integrability provides a route to describe the nature of those universal limits. Many of the ten contributed chapters address these themes, while others touch on applications of tools and results from random matrix theory. This book is appropriate for graduate students and researchers interested in learning techniques and results in random matrix theory from different perspectives and viewpoints. It also captures a moment in the evolution of the theory, when the previous decade brought major break-throughs, prompting exciting new directions of research.

New Complex Analytic Methods in the Study of Non-Orientable Minimal Surfaces in Rn
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 90

New Complex Analytic Methods in the Study of Non-Orientable Minimal Surfaces in Rn

All the new tools mentioned above apply to non-orientable minimal surfaces endowed with a fixed choice of a conformal structure. This enables the authors to obtain significant new applications to the global theory of non-orientable minimal surfaces. In particular, they construct proper non-orientable conformal minimal surfaces in Rn with any given conformal structure, complete non-orientable minimal surfaces in Rn with arbitrary conformal type whose generalized Gauss map is nondegenerate and omits n hyperplanes of CPn−1 in general position, complete non-orientable minimal surfaces bounded by Jordan curves, and complete proper non-orientable minimal surfaces normalized by bordered surfaces in p-convex domains of Rn.