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Focus on Additivity
The present volume is centered on the notional domain of additivity. Many linguistic phenomena are based on additivity (i.e. are incremental) and additive relations are a mechanism that underlies a wide array of text types. Specifically, the present volume is centered on the class of function words which have been labeled, among many others, Additive Focusing Modifiers (FMs). The chapters gathered in this volume deal with the syntactic, prosodic and pragmatic properties of Additive FMs and new lines of research on these items are pursued, including (i) the historical development of Additive FMs and the use of these forms in older stages of the European languages; (ii) the pragmatic and sociolinguistic properties of Additive FMs, in particular of the functions they play in discourse and their distribution in different language varieties; (iii) the processing of Additive FMs by adults, in particular by relying on reading experiments involving eye tracking and self-paced reading; (iv) the use of Additive FMs in language contact situations and (v) the acquisition of Additive FMs by different learner groups.
Adverbs and Adverbials
Adverbs seem to raise unsolvable issues for theories of word-classes, both crosslinguistically and language-internally. The contributions in this volume all address this categorial problem from a variety of formal and functional points of view. In the first part, current definitions of the class for Romance and Germanic languages are being questioned and improved, drawing on data from English, German and Italian. The second part is devoted to adverbial scope in Romance (French, Italian and Brazilian Portuguese), Germanic, Modern Greek and Chinese, under special consideration of modal adverbs, subject-oriented manner adverbs and domain adverbs and adverbials. Syntactic and semantic relationships appear to lay the ground for a robust and fine-grained functional definition of adverbs and adverbials.
Variation in English and German Nominal Coreference
The topic of this work is nominal coreference in English and German. Its focus is on coreference relations that establish textual coherence and continuity above the local level of the clause. The book shows how linguistic options for creating coreference in English and German can be interpreted against the background of their motivating factors. It discusses mental text processing, German-English systemic contrasts and register peculiarities as possible sources for variation on different linguistic levels. Hermeneutic and example-based observations are complemented by a corpus-linguistic analysis of English and German political essays and German translations from the English originals. The study finally highlights linguistic and functional correlations of coreference instantiations in English and German texts, additionally shedding light on coreference strategies employed in translations. It thus yields an incentive for future research as well as providing a wealth of insights for language and translation teaching.
Frequency, Forms and Functions of Cleft Constructions in Romance and Germanic
The volume describes the frequency, the forms and the functions of different cleft construction types across two language families: the Romance languages (with discussion of Italian, French and Spanish data) and the Germanic languages (with focus on English, German, Swiss German and Danish).
Manuel de traductologie
L’ouvrage ne se veut ni manuel d’initiation à la traduction ni introduction systématique à la traductologie; il s’agit plutôt d’un ‹Handbuch› au sens de la collection Handbücher für Sprach-und Kommunikationswissenschaft (HSK). Son objectif est de faire le point, voire de pousser plus avant la réflexion sur la recherche en traduction entre langues romanes, sans exclure a priori les traductions dans d’autres langues. Pour ce faire, on a pris en compte les multiples aspects de la problématique de la traduction: aspects théoriques (p.ex. concepts de base, rapports entre linguistique et traductologie, types et modèles de traduction et d’interprétation), linguistiques (lexique, syntaxe, phraséologie, prosodie), discursifs et pragmatiques (cohésion, progression thématique, contexte et situation, genres), historiques (rôle du latin) et pratiques (formation des traducteurs, questions juridiques, doublage et sous-titrages de films). S’adressant aux étudiants avancés et aux chercheurs, l’ouvrage témoigne de la vitalité de la recherche traductologique actuelle dans les langues romanes.
Enhancing and analysing Project Communication
Different cultures and languages make web-based communication among the members of international research projects often complex. Focussing on frequently neglected internal communication, this cumulative PhD thesis seeks to present methods from applied LSP research on a concrete case study – a research project from the area of Public Health. Aiming to establish a winwin situation between systematic approaches and communication optimisation, the case study is also used to verify known models. Systematic approaches can be beneficial for enhancing project communication, if they are part of a circle of theoria cum praxi. The thesis closes with appeals to linguists, project leaders and funding agencies for improving project communication as well as the involvement of applied linguistics in future.
Aspectuality
This synchronic study presents a new onomasiological, frame-theoretical model for the description, classification and theoretical analysis of the cross-linguistic content category aspectuality. It deals specifically with those pieces of information, which, in their interplay, constitute the aspectual value of states of affairs. The focus is on Romance Languages, although the model can be applied just as well to other languages, in that it is underpinned by a principle grounded in a fundamental cognitive ability: the delimitation principle. Unlike traditional approaches, which generally have a semasiological orientation and strictly adhere to a semantic differentiation between grammatical aspect and lexical aspect (Aktionsart), this study makes no such differentiation and understands these as merely different formal realisations of one and the same content category: aspectuality.
Knowledge Communication
Knowledge Communication as a research field emerges as a response to the communicative core challenges of the knowledge society. At ist center is the question of how to produce and transform specialized knowledge into interactions to gain value for this kind of knowledge. The field’s foundational concepts concern a transactional understanding of communication, an ideology of convergence between communicators and an appreciation of knowledge as construction. These stem from critical discussions of insights harvested from three parental disciplines: Language for Specific Purposes, Public Understanding of Science, and Knowledge Management. In their synthesis, these foundational concepts define Knowledge Communication as a means of strategic communication. In lieu of this, the research agenda of Knowledge Communication presents a novel prism through which to discern and investigate communicative core challenges of the knowledge society.
Kreativität und Hermeneutik in der Translation
Die Kreativität nimmt gegenwärtig eine zentrale Position in der Translationsprozessforschung ein. Die Erkenntnis, dass Kreativität nicht nur beim Übersetzen literarischer Werke benötigt wird, bildet die Grundlage für die Entwicklung neuer Modelle der translatorischen Kompetenz. Zu dieser grundlagentheoretischen Ebene gehört die Betrachtung der übersetzerischen Kreativität in Verbindung mit den (eminent hermeneutischen) Begriffen des Verstehens und Interpretierens: Die Textvorlage verstehen, sie auslegen, um sie dann angemessen kreativ in der Zielsprache wiedergeben zu können, ist ein translatorisches Grundverhalten. Der Band fokussiert den Nexus Kreativität-Verstehen-Interpretieren im Übersetzen und beleuchtet ihn aus den unterschiedlichen Perspektiven der Rhetorik, Literatur, Hermeneutik, Philosophie, Linguistik und Translatologie.
The Pragmatics of Irony and Banter
The Pragmatics of Irony and Banter is the first book-length study analysing irony and banter together. This approach, inherited from Geoffrey Leech’s research, implies that the two notions are intrinsically related. In this thought-provoking volume, the various contributors (linguists, stylisticians, discourse analysts and literary scholars), while not necessarily agreeing on every aspect of this theoretical premise, discuss and develop the idea. In turn, they consider the workings of these two discursive practices in various corpora (face-to-face or digitally-mediated interactions, novels, comedy shows, etc.) thus providing a wealth of examples and case studies. This well-balanced positioning helps the reader to develop a better understanding of these complex discursive practices that play a crucial part in everyday interaction. Steering a course between traditional perspectives and new theoretical approaches, this innovative and exciting way of looking at irony and banter will no doubt open new avenues for research.
