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Changes of Problem Representation
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 360

Changes of Problem Representation

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2013-03-20
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  • Publisher: Physica

The purpose of our research is to enhance the efficiency of AI problem solvers by automating representation changes. We have developed a system that improves the description of input problems and selects an appropriate search algorithm for each given problem. Motivation. Researchers have accumulated much evidence on the impor tance of appropriate representations for the efficiency of AI systems. The same problem may be easy or difficult, depending on the way we describe it and on the search algorithm we use. Previous work on the automatic im provement of problem descriptions has mostly been limited to the design of individual learning algorithms. The user has traditionally been responsible f...

Quantitative Research on Street Interface Morphology
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 261

Quantitative Research on Street Interface Morphology

This book investigates the historical evolution, regional differences, and quantitative measurement on street interface, which forms the street space and plays a very important role in urban form. Empirical research reveals the street interface in Chinese cities are much more complicated than European and American cities. This book explores the reason and reveals the relationship between street interface and urban form in morphology. By constructing quantitative measurement method on street interface morphology, quantitative parameters can be used in urban planning guidelines in China. Both researchers and students working in architecture, urban design, urban planning and urban studies can benefit from this book.

The Change of Climate and Ecological Environment in China 2021: Synthesis Report
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 225

The Change of Climate and Ecological Environment in China 2021: Synthesis Report

This book analyzes China's climate and environmental change facts, impacts and vulnerabilities, and mitigation strategies. On basis of synthesis assessment, through comprehensive integration, it focuses on four aspects: climate change and ecological environment evolution, future climate change and risk prediction, technical measures and action results for adaptation and mitigation, and development path with climate resilience. In terms of change facts, it focuses on extreme climate events, large-scale factors affecting China's climate change, and the impact of climate change on China's social and economic system. In terms of future risks, it focuses on key variables such as temperature, prec...

From clinical trials to real-world data sciences: Evidence-based medicine for value in health
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 380

From clinical trials to real-world data sciences: Evidence-based medicine for value in health

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Adaptive Immune Resistance in Cancer Therapy
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 215

Adaptive Immune Resistance in Cancer Therapy

The adaptive immune resistance (AIR) mechanism refers to the various strategies employed by tumours to adapt and ultimately to overcome immune attack. The AIR mechanism was firstly identified in the selective induction of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PDL1) by interferon gamma of tumors. The inhibition of adaptive immune resistance underlies the responses to PD-1 or PD-L1–blocking antibodies, and may have relevance for the development of other cancer immunotherapy strategies. Therefore, identifying specific AIR mechanisms is of great significance to develop novel drugs and enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment. In this research topic, we aim to generate a collection of articles that discuss the AIR mechanisms, the classification of AIRs, and the current and future cancer therapy strategies based on AIR. Of particular, these articles can focus on exploring the AIR mechanisms in different cancer types and further identify the association between AIR and tumour microenvironment (TME).

Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 1030

Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management

Welcome to the proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management (ICMSEM2012) held from November 11 to 14, 2012 at Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan and supported by Sichuan University (Chengdu, China), Quaid-i-Azam University (Islamabad, Pakistan) and The National Natural Science Foundation of China. The International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management is the annual conference organized by the International Society of Management Science and Engineering Management. The goals of the Conference are to foster international research collaborations in Management Science and Engineering Management as well as to pr...

Rule of Law in China
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 300

Rule of Law in China

  • Categories: Law
  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2019-07-30
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  • Publisher: Springer

This volume summarizes the achievements on rule of law in China for the ten years from 2002 to 2012, particularly focusing on areas such as judicial review, anti-monopoly, reform of government agencies, the circulation of rural Land contracted management rights, and the protection of children’s rights. It also considers the prospects for rule of law in China in the future. With numerous tables and screenshots to illustrate the text and provide a comprehensive overview and insights into China’s rule of law establishment, it appeals to readers interested in judicial reform, rural medical service, children’s rights protection and anti-monopoly.

Measurement Tools for Clinical Assessment, Characterization and Neurorehabilitation of Parkinson's Disease
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 201

Measurement Tools for Clinical Assessment, Characterization and Neurorehabilitation of Parkinson's Disease

Dr. Carmen Rodriguez-Blazquez received support from AbbVie for attending two scientific congresses. Prof. Mayela Rodriguez-Violante received honorariums from Medtronic and Everneuropharma.

Planning and Learning by Analogical Reasoning
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 204

Planning and Learning by Analogical Reasoning

This research monograph describes the integration of analogical and case-based reasoning into general problem solving and planning as a method of speedup learning. The method, based on derivational analogy, has been fully implemented in PRODIGY/ANALOGY and proven in practice to be amenable to scaling up, both in terms of domain and problem complexity. In this work, the strategy-level learning process is cast for the first time as the automation of the complete cycle of construction, storing, retrieving, and flexibly reusing problem solving experience. The algorithms involved are presented in detail and numerous examples are given. Thus the book addresses researchers as well as practitioners.