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Systems of innovation that are conducted within national borders can preserve inefficient solutions and prevent development. This has led to a feeling that transnational learning strategies are more and more desirable. In practice, the field of transnational learning has been dominated by various policy-making institutions, such as the OECD and European Union, working through different types of policy instruments and programs such as structural funds, open methods of coordination, as well as international research institutions and networks set up by cooperating national governments working on comparative analysis, benchmarking and indicators. This book lays out a set of methods which can further enhance the experience of transnational learning, starting from the sociological ideas promoted by Charles Sabel of learning through monitoring, and by Marie Laure Djelic and others of the “translation” of experiences between different countries. Case studies and examples are collected from three fields: industrial development, tourism and local government.
At a time when families break up and employment is often short-term, society is increasingly forced to operate against a background of insecurity. Insecure Times looks at how this sense of risk and instability has affected the major institutions of social life. With examples and research taken from a range of European and North American societies today, this innovative text on contemporary society discusses such major issues as: * the causes of social and economic insecurity * insecurity and modern capitalism * the role of the state * insecurity and housing * contemporary family life.
The key message of this book is that heterogeneity should be seen as an intrinsic and indispensable element of knowledge systems. The authors address the concept of heterogeneity in a multi-disciplinary fashion, including perspectives from evolutionary economics and innovation system studies, and relate this approach to existing theories in a broad range of fields. The book postulates that one approach to such a re-conceptualization is what we call the Mode 3 system consisting of Innovation Networks and Knowledge Clusters for knowledge creation, diffusion and use. This is a multi-layered, multi-modal, multi-nodal and multi-lateral system, encompassing mutually and complementary reinforcing innovation networks and knowledge clusters consisting of human and intellectual capital, shaped by social capital and underpinned by financial capital. Diversity in the Knowledge Economy and Society will appeal to academics and researchers of innovation and science, knowledge management and economics.
This book systematically defines and analyses the rise of China’s innovation system and Chinese corporate governance model. China’s achievement in artificial intelligence and high technology innovation has attracted the global attention. The country’s innovation system and Chinese model arose during the period between the mid-1990s and the first decade of 21 century, making it one of the leading countries in those fields. This revised and expanded edition examines the Chinese innovation business model based on the basic concept of firm’s governance structure. It builds upon five dimensions: ownership and shareholding structure; interrelation between employer and employee; interrelation between firms; financing pattern and performance criteria; and innovation system and core competitiveness. This book also compares China’s innovation system with the American model and with the European model exemplified by Germany.
This book addresses a gap in the present literature on the role that geography plays in the distribution of entrepreneurial activity. Emerging work on entrepreneurial ecosystems suggests it is important entrepreneurship studies move beyond the mere identification of factors that impact entrepreneurial activity to consider the unique geographic contexts in which entrepreneurs operate. These contexts include a variety of interactive elements including regional characteristics, institutions, actors, and connectors. As such, this collection analyses entrepreneurial activity in regions around the globe. The contributions explore a series of diverse regions in terms of their geographic, historical...
This book highlights a number of issues at the leading edge of both research and policy making, such as knowledge generation/production, knowledge distribution/transfer, knowledge spillovers, learning, knowledge management, information logistics, industrial clusters, industrial networks and regional innovation systems. This book will appeal to academics and researchers of knowledge management, technology and innovation and industrial organisation. Policy makers and planners in international organisations, national and regional governments - in particular those dealing with R & D policies, industrial policies and regional policies - will also find much to engage them.
With emphasis on economic growth since the mid twentieth century in which industrial and scientific revolutions played important roles in society, the priority of university and education has been shift to the contributor to knowledge, economy and innovation, as many argue that knowledge and skill becomes a key factor of production. As industrial clusters were emerged as a mean to improve competitiveness of industry in global and knowledge economy, this book is to investigate the roles of industrial clustering and roles of universities in development of industrial clusters and competitiveness. The seven chapters in this book feature frameworks and concepts, along with case studies in different regions and countries, to understand the dynamics and development of cooperation between industrial clusters and higher education to enhance national and regional competitiveness.
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, ushered in an age of anxiety along with the new century, an anxiety that has affected the international business climate in a variety of subtle and not-so-subtle ways. For one, the cost of doing business internationally has increased, for global firms and host countries alike. For another, understanding shifting geopolitical conditions in the developing world has become more crucial than ever to grasp if the world's multinationals—whether of American, British, European, or Japanese origin—are to take the best advantage of new market opportunities. These market opportunities are well within the experience range and grasp of the multinational consumer product and industrial firms as well as service enterprises. But the same corporate methodologies that were employed in decades past are unlikely to be sufficient for the age of anxiety that is upon us. The contributions assembled here offer the benefits of the collective wisdom of mature scholars with decades of consulting experience along with fresh ideas and new research hypotheses.
The focus of this book is the implications of EU enlargement in May 2004 for EU-Russian relations. How should the EU and Russia develop their priorities as neighbours? What role could Russia's border regions play in shaping this policy? The book looks at the array of political, security, economic, and social concerns raised by the enlargement process. It incorporates different perspectives from existing and new EU member states, Russian scholars and politicians from Moscow and the northwestern regions of Russia.
While urban settlements are the drivers of the global economy and centres of learning, culture, and innovation and nations rely on competitive dynamic regions for their economic, social, and environmental objectives, urban centres and regions face a myriad of challenges that impact the ways in which people live and work, create wealth, and interact and connect with places. Rapid urbanisation is resulting in urban sprawl, rising emissions, urban poverty and high unemployment rates, housing affordability issues, lack of urban investment, low urban financial and governance capacities, rising inequality and urban crimes, environmental degradation, increasing vulnerability to natural disasters an...