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Mechanical behaviors of materials are highly influenced by their architectures and/or microstructures. Hence, progress in material science involves understanding and modeling the link between the microstructure and the material behavior at different scales. This book gathers contributions from eminent researchers in the field of computational and experimental material modeling. It presents advanced experimental techniques to acquire the microstructure features together with dedicated numerical and analytical tools to take into account the randomness of the micro-structure.
Imaging Methods for Novel Materials and Challenging Applications, Volume 3: Proceedings of the 2012 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, the third volume of seven from the Conference, brings together 62 contributions to this important area of research and engineering. The collection presents early findings and case studies on fundamental and applied aspects of Experimental and Applied Mechanics, including papers on: Role of optical interferometry in advancement of material characterization Three-dimensional imaging and volumetric correlation Digital holography and experimental mechanics Digital image correlation Metrology and displacement measurement at different scales Optical methods for dynamic tests Optical methods for and with MEMS and NEMS Thermomechanics and infrared imaging Imaging methods applied to biomaterials and soft materials Applied photoelasticity Optical measurement systems using polarized light Hybrid imaging techniques Contouring of surfaces Novel optical techniques
III European Conference on Computational Mechanics: Solids, Structures and Coupled Problem in Engineering Computational Mechanics in Solid, Structures and Coupled Problems in Engineering is today a mature science with applications to major industrial projects. This book contains the edited version of the Abstracts of Plenary and Keynote Lectures and Papers, and a companion CD-ROM with the full-length papers, presented at the III European Conference on Computational Mechanics: Solids, Structures and Coupled Problems in Engineering (ECCM-2006), held in the National Laboratory of Civil Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal 5th - 8th June 2006. The book reflects the state-of-art of Computation Mechanics in Solids, Structures and Coupled Problems in Engineering and it includes contributions by the world most active researchers in this field.
This book is centred about the Principle of virtual work and the related method for mechanical modelling. It aims at showing and enhancing the polyvalence and versatility of the virtual work approach in the mechanical modelling process. The virtual work statement is set as the principle at the root of a force modelling method that can be implemented on any geometrical description. After experimentally induced hypotheses have been made on the geometrical parameters that describe the concerned system and subsystems, the method provides a unifying framework for building up consistently associated force models where external and internal forces are introduced through their virtual rates of work. Systems described as three-dimensional, curvilinear or planar continua are considered: force models are established with the corresponding equations of motion; the validation process points out that enlarging the domain of relevance of the model for practical applications calls for an enrichment of the geometrical description that takes into account the underlying microstructure.
This book studies metallic and composite materials and their mechanical properties in terms of stiffness and strength, illustrated through several case studies and exercises. Rheology, Physical and Mechanical Behavior of Materials 3 introduces the concepts of stiffness, strength, elastic energy, generalized stress and strain, as well as the main criteria for dimensioning isotropic and anisotropic materials. It covers the elastic mechanics of pieces and structures using various techniques such as the force method, Maxwell's influence coefficients, Castigliano and Menabrea's work, Mohr’s integrals and the displacement method, as well as the design and use of stiffness matrices. It also compares the behavior of static and dynamic impact actions and studies the elastic limits of plastic hinges, their influences and shear forces. This book is aimed at those studying technical or technological training courses, researchers involved in the mechanics of deformation, and industrial design and manufacturing departments.
Since the 1970s, the field of industrial reliability has evolved significantly, in part due to the design and early operation of the first generation nuclear power plants. Indeed, the needs of this sector have led to the development of specific and innovative reliability methods, which have since been taken up and adapted by other industrial sectors, leading to the development of the management of uncertainties and Health and Usage Monitoring Systems. In this industry, reliability assessment approaches have matured. There are now methods, data and tools available that can be used with confidence for many industrial applications. The purpose of this book is to present and illustrate them with...
Elastoplastic behavior has long been part of the constitutive models incorporated in most computer codes, used in the design of civil and mechanical engineering structures. Elastoplastic Modeling offers a compact presentation of the fundamentals of classical elastoplastic modeling, the basis for many engineering applications currently implemented. This book provides a general background to enhance understanding of the modeling assumptions that govern the rationales of these applications. With this understanding comes the ability to assess their validation range and propose possible improvements. An instructive approach replaces excessive mathematical developments with a semi-phenomenological method, where mathematical modeling is driven by − and derived from − experimental observations. A logical track is followed, starting from material behavior modeling and leading to the analysis of the anelastic response of systems, subjected to quasi-static loading processes.
In this book, two kinds of analysis based on acoustic emission recorded during mechanical tests are investigated. In the first, individual, analysis, acoustic signature of each damage mechanism is characterized. So with a clustering method, AE signals that have similar shapes or similar features can be group together into a cluster. Afterwards, each cluster can be linked with a main damage. The second analysis is based on a global AE analysis, on the investigation of liberated energy, with a view to identify a critical point. So beyond this characteristic point, the criticality can be modeled with a power-law in order to evaluate time to failure.