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The Dual Risk Approach in Nutrition: Present and future perspectives and challenges
This report summarizes a Nordic symposium on the current use and challenges in applying a dual risk assessment approach in the setting of nutrition recommendations. The symposium is timed with respect to the forthcoming update of the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR). At the symposium invited experts addressed the methodological framework for the dual risk approach for setting nutrition recommendations, including the terminologies and the criteria for the assessment. Case studies were presented to underline some of the specific current Nordic challenges, including use of supplements. Especially, the lack of data for risk assessment in nutrition was addressed with examples on extrapolations to subgroups such as children and the elderly and to energy and protein. Also, the development of nutrition risk assessment using nutrient intakes and chronic disease endpoints was addressed.
Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023
Available online: https://pub.norden.org/nord2023-003/ The Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) constitute the scientific basis for national dietary guidelines and nutrient recommendations in the Nordic and Baltic countries. The NNR2023 is the result of five years of work of several hundred researchers and experts, in the Nordic cooperation’s biggest and most globally spread project. This sixth edition of the NNR gives, for the first time ever, recommendations not only about what food is good for our health, but also what is good for the environment. In addition, dietary reference values for nutrients have been updated, many nutrients have received reference values for the first time, and many more food groups have been analysed than in previous editions – turning NNR2023 into the most comprehensive NNR to date. In short, the NNR2023 recommends: A predominantly plant-based diet high in vegetables, fruits, berries, pulses, potatoes and whole grains. Ample intake of fish and nuts. Moderate intake of low-fat dairy products. Limited intake of red meat and poultry. Minimal intake of processed meat, alcohol, and processed foods containing high amounts of fats, salt and sugar.
Global Harmonization of Methodological Approaches to Nutrient Intake Recommendations
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a public workshop in September 2017 to explore the evidence for achieving global harmonization of methodological approaches to establishing nutrient intake recommendations. Participants reviewed current nutrient intake recommendations, discussed the feasibility of harmonizing approaches to setting such recommendations globally, examined the development of principles by which they may be applied in diverse contexts that relate to individuals or populations, or regulatory purposes, and examined perceptions and acceptance of nutrient intake recommendations by different stakeholders. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Climate Change and Global Health
There is increasing understanding that climate change will have profound, mostly harmful effects on human health. In this authoritative book, international experts examine long-recognized areas of health concern for populations vulnerable to climate change, describing effects that are both direct, such as heat waves, and indirect, such as via vector-borne diseases. This lively yet scholarly resource explores all these issues, finishing with a practical discussion of avenues to reform. As Mary Robinson, former UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, states in the foreword: 'Climate change interacts with many undesirable aspects of human behaviour, including inequality, racism and other manifestations of injustice. Climate change policies, as practised by most countries in the global North, not only interact with these long-standing forms of injustice, but exemplify a new form, of startling magnitude.' This book will be invaluable for students, post-graduates, researchers and policy-makers in public health, climate change and medicine.
Under The Blade
Under the Blade: The Conversion of Agricultural Landscapes examines the patterns, causes, and consequences of current land use decisions in the United States, particularly the conversion of farmland to housing, roads, and other development. Changes in land use are the result of complex interactions among law, economics, landscape characteristics, social and political forces, ethics, and aesthetics. By examining farmland loss from each of these perspectives, and then integrating the results into policy recommendations, Under the Blade makes an important contribution to the ongoing debate on the optimal use of a finite resourceland. }In 1998, the last farm in Des Plaines, Illinois was subdivid...
Risk Assessment of Caffeine Among Children and Adolescents in the Nordic Countries
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Comprehensive Handbook of Iodine
Over two billion people worldwide are at risk for the spectrum of disorders known as "The Iodine Deficiency Disorders." 1-10% will suffer cretinism; 5-30% will have some sort of brain damage or neurological impairment and 30-70% will be hypothyroid. The causes of iodine deficiencies can be considered from both simplistic and more complex perspectives: From the leaching of iodine from soil resulting in crops with low iodine content to malnutrition resulting in impaired iodine absorption. Poor dietary diversification and impoverished socio-economic development can also lead to iodine deficiencies. Although it is possible to diagnose and treat deficiencies, there is still an ongoing dialogue re...
Market analysis of organic foods in the Nordic and Baltic countries
The project was initiated in March 2019, deriving from a request from The Danish Veterinary and Food Administration who handles the project management on the Nordic-Baltic project ”Nordic Nutrition the Green Way”. The project is funded by the Nordic Working Group for Diet, Food & Toxicology (NKMT) under the Nordic Council of Ministers. The purpose of this report is to provide an overall picture of the organic food and beverage market in the Nordic and Baltic countries. This includes a review of historical developments within the sales of organic foods and beverages across the main sales channels, imports/exports and organic agricultural production. Furthermore, we give an overview of pol...
Human biomonitoring and policy making
This report is based on the seminar “Human biomonitoring (HBM) as a tool in policy making towards consumer safety” directed towards professionals involved in HBM programs, legislators and other policy-makers, risk assessors as well as researchers from universities and other higher educational institutions. It was organized by the Swedish National Food Agency in collaboration with the Norwegian Food Safety Authority, the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, the University of Iceland, and Karolinska Institute, Sweden. Experts from Europe, USA, and Canada within the field of HBM participated. It was agreed that HBM provides a powerful tool in policy making towards consumer safety. It was also concluded that there is interest to develop the Nordic collaborative efforts within the area of HBM and that there would, unquestionably, be benefits from this in terms of harmonization.
Ultra-Processed Foods and Human and Planetary Health
The NOVA system is a food classification system based on the degree and purpose of industrial food processing. NOVA, which introduced ‘ultra-processed’ as a food category, has been widely employed within the research community, and is increasingly used by national governments, international organisations, and civil society. Ultra-processed foods (UPF) are defined as formulations of food-derived substances (e.g., fats, sugars, starch, protein isolate) that contain little if any whole food and include classes of additives whose function is to make the final product palatable or more appealing (‘cosmetic additives’), like colours, flavours, and emulsifiers. The impact of the production and consumption of ultra-processed foods on human and planetary health has been acknowledged and has started to gather global attention more recently. Because UPFs have become dominant components in diets of populations worldwide, there is an urgent need to scrutinise the human health, sustainability, and food environment impacts across a range of populations and country contexts and to understand the implications of their consumption for health inequalities.
